van Herk Willem G, Saguez Julien, Watson Alora Caelen, Gries Regine, Gries Gerhard
Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada.
Centre de Recherche sur les Grains (CÉROM), 740 Chemin Trudeau, Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Quebec J3G 0E2, Canada.
J Econ Entomol. 2024 Dec 28;117(6):2391-2399. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae229.
In central Canada, surveys for the three invasive (Palearctic) Agriotes species-A. obscurus, A. lineatus, and A. sputator-commonly collect A. pubescens, a North American native (Nearctic) click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) that generally co-occurs with Nearctic A. mancus. Despite the abundance of A. pubescens on farmland, its life history and potential economic impact remain largely unknown. Here, we report the identification and field testing of the A. pubescens sex pheromone. We collected headspace volatiles from a single female beetle on Porapak Q, then extracted the female's pheromone gland, and analyzed aliquots of both Porapak extract and pheromone gland extract by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and by GC-mass spectrometry. In GC-EAD recordings of gland extract, two esters-geranyl butanoate and geranyl octanoate-elicited antennal responses from A. pubescens males. In a field experiment in Quebec, traps baited with a 1:1 blend of these esters captured approximately 100× more A. pubescens males than traps baited with a single ester. This is the same trap lure used for capturing A. lineatus. In this experiment, and in a similar one run in British Columbia, heterospecific pheromone components added to conspecific pheromone lures reduced captures of A. mancus, A. sputator, A. lineatus, and A. obscurus by 29%, 96%, 44%, and 71%, respectively. These data indicate that, in North America, lures containing pheromone components of multiple Agriotes congeners may not be optimally attractive to all target species.
在加拿大中部，对三种入侵性（古北区）暗黑叩头虫物种——暗黑叩头虫、沟线叩头虫和细胸叩头虫——进行的调查通常会采集到北美本土（新北区）的毛胫叩头虫，这是一种叩头虫（鞘翅目：叩甲科），一般与新北区的曼氏叩头虫共生。尽管农田里毛胫叩头虫数量众多，但其生活史和潜在经济影响在很大程度上仍不为人知。在此，我们报告毛胫叩头虫性信息素的鉴定及田间测试情况。我们在Porapak Q上收集了一只雌性甲虫的顶空挥发物，然后提取了雌性的信息素腺体，并通过气相色谱 -触角电位检测（GC - EAD）和气相色谱 -质谱联用对Porapak提取物和信息素腺体提取物的等分试样进行了分析。在腺体提取物的GC - EAD记录中，两种酯类——丁酸香叶酯和辛酸香叶酯——引发了毛胫叩头虫雄性触角的反应。在魁北克进行的一项田间试验中，用这两种酯1:1混合诱饵诱捕的毛胫叩头虫雄性数量比用单一酯类诱饵诱捕到的多约100倍。这与用于诱捕沟线叩头虫的诱捕诱饵相同；在该试验以及在不列颠哥伦比亚进行的一项类似试验中，添加到同种信息素诱饵中的异种信息素成分使曼氏叩头虫、细胸叩头虫、沟线叩头虫和暗黑叩头虫的捕获量分别减少了29%、96%、44%和71%。这些数据表明，在北美，含有多种暗黑叩头虫属同属物种信息素成分的诱饵可能对所有目标物种并非具有最佳吸引力。
