Arlee Norinee, Ampawong Sumate, Kongkiatpaiboon Sumet, Limpanont Yanin, Arunrungvichian Kuntarat, Thepouyporn Apanchanid, Pakdee Wallop, Thaenkham Urusa
Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 26;10(19):e38539. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38539. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
Gnathostomiasis, caused by the advanced third-stage larvae of , demands novel treatment avenues. The ethanolic root extract of has been postulated to have anthelminthic properties, suggesting its potential as an alternative remedy. In this study, roots were collected, identified, and extracted with 95 % ethanol. The crude extracts were standardized using didehydrostemofoline as chemical marker. The efficacy of the root extract against third-stage larvae of and its toxicity to Wistar rats were evaluated. Both and tests were performed, where the tests assessed the anthelminthic potential of extract against larvae, while tests examined the extract's efficacy against larvae in infected Wistar rats and the efficacy was compared with albendazole. Parallelly, Wistar rats underwent acute and sub-chronic toxicity tests to establish the safe dosage of the extract. The tests showcased significant anthelminthic activity, marked by discernible morphological alterations in the exposed larvae. Acute toxicity proved fatal at 2000 mg/kg body weight, while a dose of 300 mg/kg proved non-toxic. Using the Globally Harmonized Classification System, an LD50 of 500 mg/kg was determined. trials revealed a pronounced decline in larvae among rats treated with the extract. The larvae were also observed to be encysted post-treatment, while those treated with albendazole were not encysted. The extract, with its noteworthy efficacy and favorable safety metrics in rodents, can be a potential anthelminthic agent. The diminished inflammatory response compared to albendazole hints at being a safer gnathostomiasis treatment alternative. The promising results in these preliminary trials warrant a deeper investigation to determine the root extract's optimal dosing, suitable delivery methods, and its broader clinical implications.
由棘颚口线虫晚期三期幼虫引起的颚口线虫病需要新的治疗途径。推测[植物名称]的乙醇根提取物具有驱虫特性，表明其有作为替代疗法的潜力。在本研究中，采集、鉴定了[植物名称]的根并用95%乙醇进行提取。粗提取物以去氢茎木碱为化学标志物进行标准化。评估了[植物名称]根提取物对棘颚口线虫三期幼虫的疗效及其对Wistar大鼠的毒性。进行了体外和体内试验，其中体外试验评估提取物对棘颚口线虫幼虫的驱虫潜力，而体内试验检测提取物对感染Wistar大鼠体内棘颚口线虫幼虫的疗效，并与阿苯达唑进行疗效比较。同时，对Wistar大鼠进行急性和亚慢性毒性试验以确定提取物的安全剂量。体外试验显示出显著的驱虫活性，表现为暴露幼虫有明显的形态改变。急性毒性在体重2000mg/kg时致命，而300mg/kg剂量无毒。使用全球统一分类系统确定半数致死量为500mg/kg。体内试验显示，用[植物名称]提取物处理的大鼠体内棘颚口线虫幼虫数量明显减少。还观察到处理后幼虫形成包囊，而用阿苯达唑处理的幼虫未形成包囊。[植物名称]提取物在啮齿动物中具有显著的驱虫疗效和良好的安全性指标，可能是一种潜在的驱虫剂。与阿苯达唑相比，炎症反应减轻表明[植物名称]是一种更安全的颚口线虫病治疗替代药物。这些初步试验的良好结果值得深入研究，以确定根提取物的最佳剂量、合适的给药方法及其更广泛的临床意义。
