Li XiaoKe
Physical Education College, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan,Henan, 467000, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 16;10(19):e37978. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37978. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
This study highlights the integration of sustainable desalination technologies into educational programs to raise awareness of freshwater production and environmental preservation. Through a comprehensive curriculum, students explore innovative methods such as pressure-retarded osmosis, multi-effect desalination, and seawater source heat pumps, all powered by renewable seawater thermal energy. The curriculum emphasizes the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, lowering reliance on fossil fuels, and protecting aquatic ecosystems. Students engage in practical evaluations of energy efficiency, economic viability, and environmental impact. Sensitivity analyses are incorporated to help students identify critical factors affecting system performance and optimize operational conditions for various modes. Through hands-on experiments, students learn that components like the heat pump condenser contribute the most to energy loss (29 %), followed by the expansion valve (12 %), compressor (11 %), and seawater heat exchanger (8 %). Economic analyses reveal that while the heat pump condenser and seawater heat exchanger have the lowest financial impact (0.33 % and 2.48 %, respectively), the pressure-retarded osmosis and compressor units have the highest (100 % and 60.3 %, respectively). The findings demonstrate that an optimally designed desalination system can produce freshwater at 80 % lower costs compared to traditional plants, while also reducing carbon emissions by 15 %. Educational experiments also show that integrating pressure-retarded osmosis downstream of multi-effect desalination significantly reduces brine salinity and temperature, highlighting the system's potential for environmental sustainability. This approach not only fosters a deeper understanding of desalination technologies but also equips students with the tools to address future global water challenges.
本研究强调将可持续海水淡化技术融入教育项目，以提高对淡水生产和环境保护的认识。通过全面的课程，学生探索创新方法，如压力 retarded 渗透、多效海水淡化和海水源热泵，所有这些都由可再生海水热能驱动。该课程强调减少温室气体排放、降低对化石燃料的依赖以及保护水生生态系统的重要性。学生参与能源效率、经济可行性和环境影响的实际评估。纳入敏感性分析以帮助学生识别影响系统性能的关键因素，并优化各种模式的运行条件。通过实践实验，学生了解到热泵冷凝器等组件对能量损失的贡献最大（29%），其次是膨胀阀（12%）、压缩机（11%）和海水热交换器（8%）。经济分析表明，虽然热泵冷凝器和海水热交换器的财务影响最低（分别为0.33%和2.48%），但压力 retarded 渗透和压缩机组的财务影响最高（分别为100%和60.3%）。研究结果表明，优化设计的海水淡化系统与传统工厂相比，生产淡水的成本可降低80%，同时还可减少15%的碳排放。教育实验还表明，在多效海水淡化下游集成压力 retarded 渗透可显著降低盐水盐度和温度，突出了该系统在环境可持续性方面的潜力。这种方法不仅能促进对海水淡化技术的更深入理解，还能使学生具备应对未来全球水挑战的工具。
