Tan Yew Ming Angelov, Dzulkarnain Iskandar Bin, Ridha Syahrir
Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
Centre of Research in Enhanced Oil Recovery, Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
ACS Omega. 2024 Sep 24;9(40):41321-41333. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03759. eCollection 2024 Oct 8.
Fines migration can cause various issues, such as plugging of the sand screen and damage to tubings. There are two chemical sand control methods: consolidation and agglomeration. Consolidation works by injection of a solvent into the formation to harden over time and hold the sand in place, while agglomeration works by altering chemical properties of the sand surface to attract and clump up sand. Various chemicals have been used for research in sand control. Some chemicals for consolidation, mostly resins, have been effective in consolidating sand but may cause permeability impairment, which will reduce production. Some chemicals for agglomeration such as a polymer with amines have been less effective or are nonbiodegradable. In this work, a novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) and ionic polymer combination as a fines stabilizer is formulated in-house and tested through extensive experimental study. The development of chemicals is based on agglomeration principles which determine the range of zeta potential reduction that can be achieved to destabilize, coagulate, and flocculate the fine particles together with different combinations of DESs and ionic polymers tested systematically using the design of experiment (DoE) method. The chemicals are then tested for compatibility with reservoir fluids in the jar test. The optimized formulation is characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for limit of temperature degradation and laser particle size analysis (LPSA) for the extent of particle size. The novelty of this work is the development of a greener and more cost-saving in-house DES and ionic polymer combination as a fines stabilizer chemical, which is effective for both injection or production wells after stimulation or enhanced oil recovery (EOR) treatments. Due to the tunable nature of the DES, the formulated chemical can be tailored for various reservoir conditions to cater to specific requirements.
细颗粒运移会引发各种问题，比如砂筛堵塞和油管损坏。有两种化学防砂方法：固砂和团聚。固砂是通过向地层注入一种溶剂，随着时间推移使其硬化并将砂子固定在原地，而团聚则是通过改变砂粒表面的化学性质来吸引并使砂粒结块。已经使用了各种化学药剂进行防砂研究。一些用于固砂的化学药剂，主要是树脂，在固砂方面是有效的，但可能会导致渗透率降低，从而减少产量。一些用于团聚的化学药剂，如含胺聚合物，效果较差或不可生物降解。在这项工作中，一种新型的低共熔溶剂（DES）和离子聚合物组合作为细颗粒稳定剂在内部配制而成，并通过广泛的实验研究进行了测试。化学药剂的研发基于团聚原理，该原理确定了通过系统地使用实验设计（DoE）方法测试不同DES和离子聚合物组合，能够实现的ζ电位降低范围，以破坏细颗粒的稳定性、使其凝聚和絮凝。然后在摇瓶试验中测试这些化学药剂与储层流体的相容性。通过热重分析（TGA）确定温度降解极限，通过激光粒度分析（LPSA）确定粒度范围，对优化后的配方进行表征。这项工作的新颖之处在于开发了一种更环保、成本更低的内部DES和离子聚合物组合作为细颗粒稳定剂化学药剂，在增产措施或提高采收率（EOR）处理后的注入井或生产井中均有效。由于DES的可调性，所配制的化学药剂可以针对各种储层条件进行定制，以满足特定要求。
