Prognostic value of the Controlling Nutritional Status score in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

OBJECTIVE

There is some evidence indicating that the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a prognostic factor in patients with hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the CONUT score in newly diagnosed MM.

METHOD

We retrospectively investigated multiple clinical variables, including the CONUT score, age, sex, body mass index, M protein type, International Staging System (ISS) stage, Durie-Salmon (DS) stage, and blood cell count, in 58 patients with newly diagnosed MM.

RESULT

There was a significant correlation between a high CONUT score (>5.5) and poor OS. The prognostic impact of this score was more significant in patients with a low ISS or DS stage. In univariate analysis, the white blood cell count (P=0.021), monocyte count (P=0.022), eosinophil count (P=0.004), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) (P=0.042) predicted OS. Multivariate analysis identified the CONUT score (P=0.012), monocyte count (P=0.008), eosinophil count (P=0.031), and LDH (P=0.001) to be independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).

CONCLUSION

The CONUT score is a useful prognostic indicator in patients with MM, especially those with a low ISS or DS stage. The monocyte count, eosinophil count, and LDH are independent prognostic factors in these patients.