Arias-Osorio Carlos Felipe, Lozada-Ramos Heiler, Daza-Arana Jorge Enrique, Osorio-Toro Luis Miguel, Bonilla-Bonilla Diana Marcela
Medicine Program, School of Health, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Seccional Palmira, Colombia.
Health and Movement Research Group, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.
Respir Med Case Rep. 2024 Sep 15;52:102112. doi: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2024.102112. eCollection 2024.
Varicella is a childhood disease characterized by its self-limiting and benign nature. However, it can also affect the adult population due to risk factors, leading to infection with numerous complications involving the central nervous system, kidneys, respiratory system, and skin. Varicella pneumonia, one of the most feared complications in adults, occurs in approximately 1 out of 400 patients with the disease. This complication primarily affects male patients with a history of heavy smoking and immunosuppression, either due to an underlying disease such as HIV and cancer, drug use, pregnancy or pulmonary disease. It is recommended that this complication should be treated with intravenous acyclovir at a dose of 10 mg/kg/8 hours. The prognosis depends on the development of respiratory failure; up to 50 % of patients with this complication require invasive mechanical ventilation. Here, we report the clinical case of an immunocompetent patient with a typical presentation of varicella that rapidly progressed to a respiratory infection requiring antiviral treatment and invasive mechanical ventilation.
水痘是一种具有自限性和良性特征的儿童疾病。然而，由于风险因素，它也会影响成年人，导致感染并引发涉及中枢神经系统、肾脏、呼吸系统和皮肤的众多并发症。水痘肺炎是成年人最可怕的并发症之一，在每400例水痘患者中约有1例发生。这种并发症主要影响有重度吸烟史和免疫抑制的男性患者，其免疫抑制原因包括潜在疾病（如艾滋病毒和癌症）、药物使用、怀孕或肺部疾病。建议使用剂量为10mg/kg/8小时的静脉注射阿昔洛韦治疗这种并发症。预后取决于呼吸衰竭的发展情况；高达50%的该并发症患者需要有创机械通气。在此，我们报告一例免疫功能正常患者的临床病例，该患者水痘表现典型，但迅速进展为需要抗病毒治疗和有创机械通气的呼吸道感染。
