Zarei Tahereh, Hosseini-Bensenjan Mahnaz, Haghpanah Sezaneh, Abedi Elham, Parand Shirin, Ramzi Mani
Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int Cancer Conf J. 2024 Jul 2;13(4):326-335. doi: 10.1007/s13691-024-00697-z. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Breast-cancer metastasis has seen an increased incidence in recent years, owing to advancements in surveillance, diagnostic imaging, histopathological assessment, and treatment modalities. Metastasis to various sites, including the bone, lung, liver, and brain, is common in cancer patients. Orbital metastasis (OM) from breast cancer can lead to a range of symptoms, such as pain, palpebral ptosis, diplopia, ocular pain, vision loss, and a recessed eyeball. To explore the topic of systemic malignancies metastasizing to the orbit, a search was conducted on the PubMed service using keywords such as "orbit," "orbital," "cancer," "malignancy," and "metastasis." This review article aims to summarize the findings from the identified literature. Overall, 103 patients with breast cancer from 77 articles were investigated. The patients' mean age ± standard deviation was 58.73 ± 11.86 years. Types of breast pathology observed in the evaluated patients included lobular (32.1%), ductal pathology (35.9%), and unspecified (32%). The most common symptom was vision change 37.9% and diplopia 26.2%. Despite the rarity of OM in breast cancer, it is crucial to consider this condition due to its potential to exacerbate the functional status of the neoplastic disease. The primary treatment approach for orbital metastasis involves radiation therapy, often combined with systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy or targeted therapy. These interventions aim to minimize symptoms and control disease progression. It is encouraging that advancements in medication, along with timely diagnosis and treatment, have the potential to improve outcomes for patients with orbital metastasis. However, further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate all aspects of breast cancer metastasis to rare organs. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms and identification of potential therapeutic targets could enhance treatment strategies and ultimately improve patient prognosis.
近年来，由于监测、诊断成像、组织病理学评估和治疗方式的进步，乳腺癌转移的发生率有所上升。癌症患者中，转移至包括骨、肺、肝和脑在内的各个部位很常见。乳腺癌的眼眶转移（OM）可导致一系列症状，如疼痛、上睑下垂、复视、眼痛、视力丧失和眼球内陷。为了探讨全身恶性肿瘤转移至眼眶这一话题，我们在PubMed服务平台上使用了“眼眶”“眶部”“癌症”“恶性肿瘤”和“转移”等关键词进行了检索。这篇综述文章旨在总结已识别文献中的研究结果。总体而言，我们调查了77篇文章中的103例乳腺癌患者。患者的平均年龄±标准差为58.73±11.86岁。在评估的患者中观察到的乳腺病理类型包括小叶型（32.1%）、导管病理型（35.9%）和未明确型（32%）。最常见的症状是视力改变（37.9%）和复视（26.2%）。尽管乳腺癌眼眶转移罕见，但考虑到其可能加剧肿瘤疾病的功能状态，因此至关重要。眼眶转移的主要治疗方法包括放射治疗，通常联合全身化疗、激素治疗或靶向治疗。这些干预措施旨在减轻症状并控制疾病进展。令人鼓舞的是，药物的进步以及及时的诊断和治疗有可能改善眼眶转移患者的预后。然而，有必要进行进一步研究以全面评估乳腺癌转移至罕见器官的各个方面。对潜在机制的更深入理解和潜在治疗靶点的识别可以增强治疗策略并最终改善患者预后。
