Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia.
The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia.
Adv Mater. 2024 Nov;36(48):e2410908. doi: 10.1002/adma.202410908. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
Customizable manufacturing of ex vivo cell engineering is driven by the need for innovations in the biomedical field and holds substantial potential for addressing current therapeutic challenges; but it is still only in its infancy. Micro- and nanoscale-engineered materials are increasingly used to control core cell-level functions in cellular engineering. By reprogramming or redirecting targeted cells for extremely precise functions, these advanced materials offer new possibilities. This influences the modularity of cell reprogramming and reengineering, making these materials part of versatile and emerging technologies. Here, the roles of micro- and nanoscale materials in cell engineering are highlighted, demonstrating how they can be adaptively controlled to regulate cellular reprogramming and core cell-level functions, including differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, user-defined gene expression, and epigenetic changes. The current reprogramming routes used to achieve pluripotency from somatic cells and the significant potential of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for translational biomedical research are covered. Recent advances in nonviral intracellular delivery modalities for cell reprogramming and their constraints are evaluated. This paper focuses on emerging physical and combinatorial approaches of intracellular delivery for cell engineering, revealing the capabilities and limitations of these routes. It is showcased how these programmable materials are continually being explored as customizable tools for inducing biophysical stimulation. Harnessing the power of micro- and nanoscale-engineered materials will be a step change in the design of cell engineering, producing a suite of powerful tools for addressing potential future challenges in therapeutic cell engineering.
体外细胞工程的定制制造是由生物医学领域的创新需求驱动的，具有解决当前治疗挑战的巨大潜力；但它仍处于起步阶段。微纳尺度工程材料越来越多地用于控制细胞工程中的核心细胞级功能。通过对靶向细胞进行重新编程或重新定向以实现极其精确的功能，这些先进材料提供了新的可能性。这影响了细胞重编程和再工程的模块化，使这些材料成为多功能和新兴技术的一部分。在这里，强调了微纳尺度材料在细胞工程中的作用，展示了它们如何能够自适应地控制以调节细胞重编程和核心细胞级功能，包括分化、增殖、黏附、用户定义的基因表达和表观遗传变化。涵盖了用于从体细胞实现多能性的当前重编程途径以及诱导多能干细胞技术在转化医学研究中的重要潜力。评估了用于细胞重编程的非病毒细胞内传递模式的最新进展及其限制。本文重点介绍了用于细胞工程的细胞内传递的新兴物理和组合方法，揭示了这些途径的能力和局限性。展示了这些可编程材料如何作为诱导生物物理刺激的定制工具不断得到探索。利用微纳尺度工程材料的力量将是细胞工程设计的一个重大转变，为解决治疗性细胞工程未来潜在挑战提供了一系列强大的工具。
