IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.
Cell Mol Immunol. 2024 Nov;21(11):1201-1214. doi: 10.1038/s41423-024-01216-z. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
Invasion and metastasis are hallmarks of cancer. In addition to the well-recognized hematogenous and lymphatic pathways of metastasis, cancer cell dissemination can occur via the transcoelomic and perineural routes, which are typical of ovarian and pancreatic cancer, respectively. Macrophages are a universal major component of the tumor microenvironment and, in established tumors, promote growth and dissemination to secondary sites. Here, we review the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer cell dissemination and metastasis, emphasizing the diversity of myeloid cells in different tissue contexts (lungs, liver, brain, bone, peritoneal cavity, nerves). The generally used models of lung metastasis fail to capture the diversity of pathways and tissue microenvironments. A better understanding of TAM diversity in different tissue contexts may pave the way for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
侵袭和转移是癌症的特征。除了众所周知的血行和淋巴转移途径外，癌细胞还可以通过体腔和神经途径扩散，这分别是卵巢癌和胰腺癌的典型特征。巨噬细胞是肿瘤微环境的普遍主要组成部分，在已建立的肿瘤中，促进生长和向继发性部位的扩散。在这里，我们回顾了肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）在癌细胞扩散和转移中的作用，强调了不同组织环境（肺、肝、脑、骨、腹腔、神经）中髓样细胞的多样性。通常使用的肺转移模型未能捕捉到途径和组织微环境的多样性。更好地了解不同组织环境中 TAM 的多样性可能为量身定制的诊断和治疗方法铺平道路。
