Raza Ali, Fatima Pakiza, Yasmeen Bushra, Rana Zulqarnain Amjad, Ellakwa Doha El-Sayed
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Mar;398(3):2259-2273. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03509-6. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
The growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant and increasing risk to public health worldwide, necessitating innovative strategies to restore the efficacy of antibiotics. The precise genome-editing abilities of the CRISPR-Cas system have made it a potent instrument for directly targeting and eliminating antibiotic resistance genes. This review explored the mechanisms and applications of CRISPR-Cas systems in combating AMR. The latest developments in CRISPR technology have broadened its potential use, encompassing programmable antibacterial agents and improved diagnostic methods for antibiotic-resistant infections. Nevertheless, several challenges must be overcome for clinical success, including the survival of resistant bacteria, generation of anti-CRISPR proteins that reduce effectiveness, and genetic modifications that change target sequences. Additionally, the efficacy of CRISPR-Cas systems differs across bacterial species, making their universal application challenging. After overcoming these challenges, CRISPR-Cas has the potential to revolutionize AMR treatment, restore antibiotic efficacy, and reshape infection control.
抗菌耐药性（AMR）带来的挑战日益严峻，对全球公共卫生构成了重大且不断增加的风险，因此需要创新策略来恢复抗生素的疗效。CRISPR-Cas系统精确的基因组编辑能力使其成为直接靶向和消除抗生素耐药基因的有力工具。本综述探讨了CRISPR-Cas系统在对抗AMR中的机制和应用。CRISPR技术的最新进展拓宽了其潜在用途，包括可编程抗菌剂以及针对耐药性感染的改进诊断方法。然而，要在临床上取得成功，必须克服几个挑战，包括耐药菌的存活、降低有效性的抗CRISPR蛋白的产生以及改变靶序列的基因修饰。此外，CRISPR-Cas系统在不同细菌物种中的疗效有所不同，这使得其普遍应用具有挑战性。克服这些挑战后，CRISPR-Cas有潜力彻底改变AMR治疗、恢复抗生素疗效并重塑感染控制。
