Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA,
J Avian Med Surg. 2024 Oct;38(3):133-140. doi: 10.1647/AVIANMS-D-23-00054.
Chickens () are commonly used for research, food production, show, and companionship. Sedation is often necessary for sample collection, imaging, or treatment. Dexmedetomidine has been previously used to sedate birds, often with other sedatives. Butorphanol tartrate, a Schedule IV controlled substance, is commonly used but presents regulatory challenges. Nalbuphine hydrochloride, an opioid with similar receptor affinity to butorphanol, has potential as a noncontrolled alternative. Although information regarding nalbuphine use in birds is limited, its noncontrolled status makes it more accessible. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose to produce sedation in 50% (ED) of patients and to estimate the calculated effective dose of dexmedetomidine in combination with either butorphanol (DexBut) or nalbuphine (DexNal) in domestic hens to sedate 99% of patients (ED). Eighteen 33-week-old laying Buff Orpington hens were divided into 2 groups: one receiving DexBut (n = 9) and the second receiving DexNal (n = 9). Each hen was sedated with varying doses of intramuscular dexmedetomidine with a constant dose of either 2 mg/kg IM butorphanol or 12.5 mg/kg IM nalbuphine by an up-and-down design. Sedation was determined using a clinically applicable scoring system. The ED values of dexmedetomidine with 2 mg/kg IM of butorphanol, calculated by both the up-and-down method and logistic regression, were 38 and 49 µg/kg, respectively, while the ED values of dexmedetomidine in combination with 12.5 mg/kg IM of nalbuphine were 19 and 18 µg/kg, respectively. The estimated dexmedetomidine ED values with butorphanol or nalbuphine were 51 and 19 µg/kg, respectively. Multiple chickens in both groups exhibited open-mouth breathing and comb pallor but no lasting morbidity or mortality occurred. Combinations of DexBut or DexNal should be considered for sedation of domestic chickens.
鸡（Chickens）通常用于研究、食品生产、展示和陪伴。为了进行样本采集、成像或治疗，通常需要对其进行镇静。右美托咪定（Dexmedetomidine）以前曾被用于镇静鸟类，通常与其他镇静剂一起使用。但是，盐酸丁丙诺啡（Butorphanol tartrate）是一种附表 IV 受控物质，常被使用，但存在监管方面的挑战。盐酸纳布啡（Nalbuphine hydrochloride）是一种与丁丙诺啡具有相似受体亲和力的阿片类药物，具有作为非受控替代药物的潜力。尽管关于鸟类使用纳布啡的信息有限，但它的非受控状态使其更易于获得。本研究的目的是确定产生 50%患者镇静效果的有效剂量（ED），并估计联合使用右美托咪定（DexBut）或纳布啡（DexNal）镇静 99%患者的计算有效剂量（ED）在国内母鸡中。18 只 33 周龄的产蛋布福兰母鸡被分为 2 组：一组接受 DexBut（n = 9），另一组接受 DexNal（n = 9）。每组母鸡均接受不同剂量的肌肉注射右美托咪定，同时肌肉注射固定剂量的 2 mg/kg 丁丙诺啡或 12.5 mg/kg 纳布啡，采用上下设计。镇静作用采用临床适用的评分系统进行评估。通过上下法和逻辑回归计算的右美托咪定与 2 mg/kg 丁丙诺啡联合应用的 ED 值分别为 38 和 49 µg/kg，而右美托咪定与 12.5 mg/kg 纳布啡联合应用的 ED 值分别为 19 和 18 µg/kg。丁丙诺啡或纳布啡联合应用的估计右美托咪定 ED 值分别为 51 和 19 µg/kg。两组均有多个鸡出现张口呼吸和鸡冠苍白，但无持久的发病率或死亡率。DexBut 或 DexNal 的组合应考虑用于镇静国内母鸡。
