Pavlin D J, Raghu G, Rogers T R, Cheney F W
Chest. 1986 Jan;89(1):70-4. doi: 10.1378/chest.89.1.70.
Three cases of hypotension are described that followed rapid evacuation of persistent unilateral pneumothorax. Common features included the presence of a pneumothorax for approximately one week before treatment commenced and profuse unilateral reexpansion edema, a rising hematocrit reading, hypotension, and anuria after evacuation of the pneumothorax in spite of a relatively normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In one case, cardiac output was measured and found to be low (1.54 and 1.65 L/min/sq m), with a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 10 to 14 mm Hg. Death due to cardiovascular collapse occurred in one patient; ischemic colitis, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and ischemic necrosis of both humeral heads occurred in another. The cases presented and the literature reviewed suggest that cardiovascular compromise was the end result of the combined effects of intravascular volume depletion and myocardial depression.
本文描述了3例持续性单侧气胸快速抽气后出现低血压的病例。共同特征包括：治疗开始前气胸存在约一周，大量单侧复张性肺水肿，血细胞比容读数升高，气胸抽气后出现低血压和无尿，尽管肺毛细血管楔压相对正常。其中1例测量了心输出量，发现较低（1.54和1.65升/分钟/平方米），肺毛细血管楔压为10至14毫米汞柱。1例患者因心血管衰竭死亡；另1例发生了缺血性结肠炎、急性肾衰竭、弥散性血管内凝血和双侧肱骨头缺血性坏死。所呈现的病例及回顾的文献表明，心血管功能损害是血管内容量耗竭和心肌抑制共同作用的最终结果。
