Mahfood S, Hix W R, Aaron B L, Blaes P, Watson D C
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis.
Ann Thorac Surg. 1988 Mar;45(3):340-5. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)62480-0.
Unilateral reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare complication of the treatment of lung collapse secondary to pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or atelectasis. Although RPE generally is believed to occur only when a chronically collapsed lung is rapidly reexpanded by evacuation of large amounts of air or fluid, in this review 15 of 47 cases of RPE available for assessment occurred when the pulmonary collapse was of short duration or when the lung was reexpanded without suction. The pathogenesis of RPE is unknown and is probably multifactorial. Implicated in the etiological process of RPE are chronicity of collapse, technique of reexpansion, increased pulmonary vascular permeability, airway obstruction, loss of surfactant, and pulmonary artery pressure changes. Since the outcome of RPE was fatal in 11 of 53 cases reviewed (20%), physicians treating lung collapse must be aware of the possible causes and endeavor to prevent the occurrence of this complication.
单侧复张性肺水肿（RPE）是气胸、胸腔积液或肺不张继发肺萎陷治疗过程中一种罕见的并发症。尽管一般认为只有当长期萎陷的肺通过排出大量气体或液体而迅速复张时才会发生RPE，但在本综述中，47例可供评估的RPE病例中有15例发生在肺萎陷持续时间较短或肺在无负压吸引情况下复张时。RPE的发病机制尚不清楚，可能是多因素的。RPE病因学过程涉及到萎陷的慢性化、复张技术、肺血管通透性增加、气道阻塞、表面活性物质丧失以及肺动脉压力变化。由于在53例回顾病例中有11例（20%）RPE的结局是致命的，治疗肺萎陷的医生必须了解其可能的病因，并努力预防这一并发症的发生。
