Forte Giuseppe, Favieri Francesca, De Pascalis Vilfredo, Casagrande Maria
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Heath Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2024 Oct 2;13(19):5886. doi: 10.3390/jcm13195886.
Pain is a multidimensional experience influenced by sensory, emotional, and cognitive factors. Traditional pain assessments often fail to capture this complexity. This study aimed to develop and validate the Pain Multidimensional Questionnaire (Pa-M-QU), a new self-report tool designed to assess pain catastrophizing, sensitivity, and coping strategies. Two independent samples of Italian-speaking participants, aged 18 and above, were recruited online. The first sample ( = 392; mean age = 29.36) was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the second sample ( = 123; mean age = 28.0) for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Pearson's correlations and convergent validity analyses were conducted. From an initial pool of 59 items identified through focus group discussions, 35 items were removed based on reliability analysis. The final 24-item Pa-M-QU features a three-factor structure: catastrophizing, pain sensitivity, and coping with pain. The Pa-M-QU offers a rapid, non-invasive assessment that captures the multidimensional nature of pain. It is a starting point to develop tools for both clinical and research settings, aiding in evaluating pain in healthy individuals and predicting acute and chronic pain disorders. Future research should focus on refining the Pa-M-QU for broader clinical applications and exploring its potential to complement or replace traditional pain assessments, thereby advancing pain management and research.
疼痛是一种受感觉、情感和认知因素影响的多维度体验。传统的疼痛评估往往无法捕捉到这种复杂性。本研究旨在开发并验证疼痛多维度问卷（Pa-M-QU），这是一种旨在评估疼痛灾难化、敏感性和应对策略的新型自我报告工具。在线招募了两个独立的讲意大利语的参与者样本，年龄在18岁及以上。第一个样本（n = 392；平均年龄 = 29.36）用于探索性因素分析（EFA），第二个样本（n = 123；平均年龄 = 28.0）用于验证性因素分析（CFA）。进行了Pearson相关性分析和收敛效度分析。从通过焦点小组讨论确定的59个初始项目中，基于可靠性分析删除了35个项目。最终的24项Pa-M-QU具有三因素结构：灾难化、疼痛敏感性和应对疼痛。Pa-M-QU提供了一种快速、非侵入性的评估，能够捕捉疼痛的多维度性质。它是开发临床和研究环境工具的起点，有助于评估健康个体的疼痛，并预测急性和慢性疼痛障碍。未来的研究应专注于完善Pa-M-QU以实现更广泛的临床应用，并探索其补充或取代传统疼痛评估的潜力，从而推动疼痛管理和研究的发展。
