Barbarisi Antonio, Cremonini Francesca, Lauritano Dorina, Visconti Valeria, Caccianiga Gianluigi, Ceraulo Saverio
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20100 Monza, Italy.
Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Oct 7;12(19):1999. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12191999.
: Periodontal disease is an inflammatory, chronic, and multifactorial disease. The objective of this study is to analyze the association between periodontal disease and some disorders such as papillomas (benign lesions), lichen planus (a chronic immune-mediated disorder), leukoplakia (potentially malignant lesions), and oral cancer (malignant lesions). : For this study, 42 patients were recruited whose supragingival and subgingival plaque was qualitatively analyzed using a phase-contrast microscope, which allowed for the detection of compatible bacterial flora (immobile and composed mainly of cocci) indicative of periodontal health and incompatible bacterial flora (mobile and composed mainly of spirochetes) indicative of periodontal pathology. Patients with incompatible bacterial flora were then subjected to a laser-assisted periodontal treatment with irrigation with hydrogen peroxide within the periodontal pockets (a non-surgical laser-assisted periodontal protocol which is referred to as dye-free photodynamic therapy). : Based on the 42 patients recruited, there was no association between oral cavity lesions and periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Four of them were found to have incompatible bacterial flora. Indeed, it was found that almost all the patients had been previously instructed in the proper techniques of home oral hygiene, and more than half of them reported that they carried out periodic check-ups by a dental hygienist. Of the four patients with signs and symptoms of periodontitis, two stated a willingness to undergo the non-surgical laser-assisted periodontal protocol and showed improvements in periodontal indices such as CAL, PPD, and BoP. : hygienists and dentists are determining factors in the prevention of periodontal disease and for the maintenance of good oral health.
牙周病是一种炎症性、慢性和多因素疾病。本研究的目的是分析牙周病与某些疾病之间的关联，如乳头状瘤（良性病变）、扁平苔藓（一种慢性免疫介导疾病）、白斑（潜在恶性病变）和口腔癌（恶性病变）。
在本研究中，招募了42名患者，使用相差显微镜对其龈上和龈下菌斑进行定性分析，该显微镜可检测出指示牙周健康的相容细菌菌群（不动且主要由球菌组成）和指示牙周病变的不相容细菌菌群（能动且主要由螺旋体组成）。然后，对具有不相容细菌菌群的患者进行牙周袋内过氧化氢冲洗的激光辅助牙周治疗（一种非手术激光辅助牙周方案，称为无染料光动力疗法）。
基于招募的42名患者，口腔病变与牙周病原菌之间无关联。其中4人被发现具有不相容细菌菌群。事实上，发现几乎所有患者之前都接受过正确的家庭口腔卫生技术指导，并且超过一半的患者报告他们会定期接受牙科保健员的检查。在4名有牙周炎体征和症状的患者中，2人表示愿意接受非手术激光辅助牙周方案，并且牙周指标如临床附着丧失（CAL）、探诊深度（PPD）和探诊出血（BoP）有所改善。
牙科保健员和牙医是预防牙周病以及维持良好口腔健康的决定性因素。
