Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Dr. Meurerlaan 8, 1067 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 25;16(19):3242. doi: 10.3390/nu16193242.
Our aim was to identify dietary patterns by the level of maternal education that contribute to BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI) in children at age 5 and to assess if these dietary patterns are related to BMI at age 10.
Per group (low/middle/high level), Reduced Rank Regression (RRR) was used to derive dietary patterns for the response variables BMI z-score, FMI, and FFMI in 1728 children at age 5 in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort. Regression analyses were then used to determine the association with BMI at age 10.
In each group, pattern 1 was characterized by its own cluster of food groups. Low: water/tea, savory snacks, sugar, low-fat meat, and fruits; middle: water/tea, low-fat cheese, fish, low-fat dairy, fruit drink, low-fat meat, and eggs; and high: low-fat cheese, fruits, whole-grain breakfast products, and low-fat and processed meat. Additionally, in each group, pattern 1 was positively associated with BMI z-scores at age 10 (low: β ≤ 0.43 [95% CI ≤ 0.21; 0.66], < 0.001, middle: β ≤ 0.23 [0.09; 0.36], ≤ 0.001, and high: β ≤ 0.24 [0.18; 0.30], < 0.001).
The dietary patterns stratified by the level of maternal education are characterized by different food groups. But in all the groups, pattern 1 is positively associated with BMI at age 10.
我们的目的是通过母亲教育水平来确定饮食模式，这些模式有助于儿童在 5 岁时的 BMI、脂肪质量指数（FMI）和无脂肪质量指数（FFMI），并评估这些饮食模式是否与 10 岁时的 BMI 相关。
根据 Reduced Rank Regression（RRR），对 1728 名 5 岁儿童在 Amsterdam Born Children and their Development（ABCD）队列中的 BMI z 分数、FMI 和 FFMI 这三个响应变量进行分组（低/中/高水平），并得出饮食模式。然后，回归分析用于确定与 10 岁时 BMI 的关联。
在每个组中，模式 1 都有自己的食物群聚类。低水平组：水/茶、咸味零食、糖、低脂肉和水果；中水平组：水/茶、低脂奶酪、鱼、低脂奶制品、水果饮料、低脂肉和鸡蛋；高水平组：低脂奶酪、水果、全谷物早餐产品和低脂和加工肉。此外，在每个组中，模式 1 与 10 岁时的 BMI z 分数呈正相关（低水平组：β≤0.43[95%CI≤0.21；0.66]，<0.001；中水平组：β≤0.23[0.09；0.36]，≤0.001；高水平组：β≤0.24[0.18；0.30]，<0.001）。
按母亲教育水平分层的饮食模式具有不同的食物群特征。但在所有组中，模式 1 与 10 岁时的 BMI 呈正相关。
