太平洋岛民和新西兰欧洲裔女性膳食纤维摄入量、肥胖与代谢疾病风险的关系。

Dietary Fibre Intake, Adiposity, and Metabolic Disease Risk in Pacific and New Zealand European Women.

机构信息

School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.

Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence, Massey University, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Oct 7;16(19):3399. doi: 10.3390/nu16193399.

DOI:10.3390/nu16193399

PMID:39408366

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11479009/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To assess associations between dietary fibre intake, adiposity, and odds of metabolic syndrome in Pacific and New Zealand European women.

METHODS

Pacific (n = 126) and New Zealand European (NZ European; n = 161) women (18-45 years) were recruited based on normal (18-24.9 kg/m) and obese (≥30 kg/m) BMIs. Body fat percentage (BF%), measured using whole body DXA, was subsequently used to stratify participants into low (<35%) or high (≥35%) BF% groups. Habitual dietary intake was calculated using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method, involving a five-day food record and semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood was analysed for glucose and lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was assessed with a harmonized definition.

RESULTS

NZ European women in both the low- and high-BF% groups were older, less socioeconomically deprived, and consumed more dietary fibre (low-BF%: median 23.7 g/day [25-75-percentile, 20.1, 29.9]; high-BF%: 20.9 [19.4, 24.9]) than Pacific women (18.8 [15.6, 22.1]; and 17.8 [15.0, 20.8]; both < 0.001). The main source of fibre was discretionary fast foods for Pacific women and whole grain breads and cereals for NZ European women. A regression analysis controlling for age, socioeconomic deprivation, ethnicity, energy intake, protein, fat, and total carbohydrate intake showed an inverse association between higher fibre intake and BF% (β= -0.47, 95% CI = -0.62, -0.31, < 0.001), and odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84, 0.98, = 0.010) among both Pacific and NZ European women (results shown for both groups combined).

CONCLUSIONS

Low dietary fibre intake was associated with increased metabolic disease risk. Pacific women had lower fibre intakes than NZ European women.

摘要

背景/目的：评估太平洋岛民和新西兰欧洲裔女性膳食纤维摄入量、肥胖程度和代谢综合征患病风险之间的关联。

方法

根据正常（18-24.9kg/m2）和肥胖（≥30kg/m2）的 BMI，招募了 126 名太平洋岛民（太平洋组）和 161 名新西兰欧洲裔女性（新西兰欧洲组）。使用全身 DXA 测量体脂肪百分比（BF%），并随后根据 BF%将参与者分为低（<35%）或高（≥35%）组。使用国家癌症研究所（NCI）方法计算习惯性饮食摄入，包括 5 天的食物记录和半定量食物频率问卷。空腹采集血液，分析血糖和血脂谱。采用协调定义评估代谢综合征。

结果

低 BF%和高 BF%组的新西兰欧洲组女性年龄较大、社会经济地位较低、膳食纤维摄入量较高（低 BF%：中位数 23.7g/天[25-75%分位数：20.1、29.9]；高 BF%：20.9[19.4、24.9]），而太平洋组女性的膳食纤维摄入量较低（18.8[15.6、22.1]；17.8[15.0、20.8]；均<0.001）。膳食纤维的主要来源是太平洋组女性的随意快餐，新西兰欧洲组女性的全麦面包和谷物。在控制年龄、社会经济剥夺、种族、能量摄入、蛋白质、脂肪和总碳水化合物摄入的回归分析中，较高的膳食纤维摄入量与 BF%呈负相关（β=-0.47，95%CI=-0.62，-0.31，<0.001），并与代谢综合征患病风险呈负相关（OR=0.91，95%CI=0.84，0.98，=0.010），在太平洋组和新西兰欧洲组女性中均如此（结果显示为两组的综合结果）。