Pediatrics Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA-SESPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 3;25(19):10675. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910675.
The gut microbiota is a key and primary stimulus for the development of a host's immune system. The early establishment of the gut microbiota is affected by several perinatal factors but little is known about their influence on shaping normal immune development and, consequently, on the programming of future health. The analysis of different immune compounds is well-documented in serum samples; however, their presence in faecal samples has not been studied, and this information could be valuable in early life. In this context, the authors of this study aimed to both describe the immunological faecal profile of a cohort of one-month-old infants and describe the impact of different perinatal factors, exploring possible associations between immune compounds and gut microbiota in faecal samples. Clear differences in immune profile were observed between full-term and premature infants. Breastfeeding increases IgG2, IgG4, and IgA; in addition, male babies showed some increased Igs, among other observations. Overall, the findings of this study reinforce the hypothesis that microorganisms and immune compounds interact with each other in the early neonatal gut and that understanding these interactions in depth will help us comprehend the influence of the gut microbiota on short- and long-term infant health outcomes.
肠道微生物群是宿主免疫系统发育的关键和主要刺激因素。肠道微生物群的早期建立受多种围产期因素的影响，但对于它们如何影响正常免疫发育，从而影响未来健康的编程，人们知之甚少。不同免疫化合物在血清样本中的分析已有详细记录；然而，它们在粪便样本中的存在尚未得到研究，这些信息在生命早期可能很有价值。在这种情况下，本研究的作者旨在描述一个月大婴儿队列的免疫粪便特征，并描述不同围产期因素的影响，探索粪便样本中免疫化合物和肠道微生物群之间的可能关联。足月和早产儿的免疫特征存在明显差异。母乳喂养会增加 IgG2、IgG4 和 IgA；此外，还观察到男婴的某些 Ig 增加等情况。总的来说，这项研究的结果证实了这样一种假设，即微生物和免疫化合物在新生儿早期肠道中相互作用，深入了解这些相互作用将有助于我们理解肠道微生物群对婴儿短期和长期健康结果的影响。
