Department of Urology, Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Bialystok, Fabryczna 27, 15-471 Bialystok, Poland.
Bioanalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Sep 30;24(19):6371. doi: 10.3390/s24196371.
Laminin, fibronectin, and collagen IV are pivotal extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The ECM environment governs the fundamental properties of tumors, including proliferation, vascularization, and invasion. Given the critical role of cell-matrix adhesion in malignant tumor progression, we hypothesize that the concentrations of these proteins may be altered in the plasma of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aimed to evaluate the serum, urine, and tissue levels of laminin-5, collagen IV, and fibronectin among a control group and ccRCC patients, with the latter divided into stages T1-T2 and T3-T4 according to the TNM classification. We included 60 patients with histopathologically confirmed ccRCC and 26 patients diagnosed with chronic cystitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Collagen IV, laminin-5, and fibronectin were detected using Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging biosensors. Significant differences were observed between the control group and ccRCC patients, as well as between the T1-T2 and T3-T4 subgroups. Levels were generally higher in plasma and tissue for fibronectin and collagen IV in ccRCC patients and lower for laminin. The ROC (Receiver operating characteristic) analysis yielded satisfactory results for differentiating between ccRCC patients and controls (AUC 0.84-0.93), with statistical significance for both fibronectin and laminin in plasma and urine. Analysis between the T1-T2 and T3-T4 groups revealed interesting findings for all examined substances in plasma (AUC 0.8-0.95). The results suggest a positive correlation between fibronectin and collagen levels and ccRCC staging, while laminin shows a negative correlation, implying a potential protective role. The relationship between plasma and urine concentrations of these biomarkers may be instrumental for tumor detection and staging, thereby streamlining therapeutic decision-making.
层粘连蛋白、纤连蛋白和胶原 IV 是细胞外基质（ECM）的重要组成部分。ECM 环境决定了肿瘤的基本特性，包括增殖、血管生成和浸润。鉴于细胞-基质黏附在恶性肿瘤进展中的关键作用，我们假设这些蛋白质的浓度可能会在透明细胞肾细胞癌（ccRCC）患者的血浆中发生改变。本研究旨在评估层粘连蛋白-5、胶原 IV 和纤连蛋白在对照组和 ccRCC 患者中的血清、尿液和组织水平，后者根据 TNM 分类分为 T1-T2 期和 T3-T4 期。我们纳入了 60 名经组织病理学证实的 ccRCC 患者和 26 名慢性膀胱炎或良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者。使用表面等离子体共振成像生物传感器检测胶原 IV、层粘连蛋白-5 和纤连蛋白。对照组与 ccRCC 患者之间以及 T1-T2 期和 T3-T4 亚组之间存在显著差异。ccRCC 患者的血浆和组织中纤连蛋白和胶原 IV 水平普遍较高，而层粘连蛋白水平较低。ROC（接收器操作特征）分析对区分 ccRCC 患者和对照组具有良好的效果（AUC 0.84-0.93），血浆和尿液中的纤连蛋白和层粘连蛋白均具有统计学意义。T1-T2 期和 T3-T4 期组之间的分析显示，所有检测物质在血浆中的 AUC 为 0.8-0.95，存在有趣的发现。结果表明，纤连蛋白和胶原水平与 ccRCC 分期呈正相关，而层粘连蛋白呈负相关，提示其可能具有保护作用。这些生物标志物的血浆和尿液浓度之间的关系可能对肿瘤检测和分期具有重要意义，从而简化治疗决策。
