Basirinia Ghazal, Ali Muhammad, Comelli Albert, Sperandeo Alessandro, Piana Sebastiano, Alongi Pierpaolo, Longo Costanza, Di Raimondo Domenico, Tuttolomondo Antonino, Benfante Viviana
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Sep 28;16(19):3323. doi: 10.3390/cancers16193323.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide and a serious public health concern. This high death rate is mostly caused by late-stage diagnoses, which lead to poor treatment outcomes. Radiation immunotherapy and targeted therapies are becoming increasingly popular in GC treatment, in addition to surgery and systemic chemotherapy. In this review, we have focused on both in vitro and in vivo research, which presents a summary of recent developments in targeted therapies for gastric cancer. We explore targeted therapy approaches, including integrin receptors, HER2, Claudin 18, and glutathione-responsive systems. For instance, therapies targeting the integrin receptors such as the αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins have shown promise in enhancing diagnostic precision and treatment efficacy. Furthermore, nanotechnology provides novel approaches to targeted drug delivery and imaging. These include glutathione-responsive nanoplatforms and cyclic RGD peptide-conjugated nanoparticles. These novel strategies seek to reduce systemic toxicity while increasing specificity and efficacy. To sum up, the review addresses the significance of personalized medicine and advancements in gastric cancer-targeted therapies. It explores potential methods for enhancing gastric cancer prognosis and treatment in the future.
胃癌（GC）是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大常见原因，也是一个严重的公共卫生问题。这种高死亡率主要是由晚期诊断导致的，晚期诊断会导致治疗效果不佳。除了手术和全身化疗外，放射免疫疗法和靶向疗法在GC治疗中越来越受欢迎。在这篇综述中，我们专注于体外和体内研究，总结了胃癌靶向治疗的最新进展。我们探讨了靶向治疗方法，包括整合素受体、HER2、Claudin 18和谷胱甘肽反应系统。例如，靶向整合素受体（如αvβ3和αvβ5整合素）的疗法在提高诊断准确性和治疗效果方面显示出前景。此外，纳米技术为靶向药物递送和成像提供了新方法。这些包括谷胱甘肽反应性纳米平台和环状RGD肽缀合纳米颗粒。这些新策略旨在降低全身毒性，同时提高特异性和疗效。总之，该综述阐述了个性化医疗的重要性以及胃癌靶向治疗的进展。它探讨了未来改善胃癌预后和治疗的潜在方法。
