Yanar Ceylan, Cetinoglu Isik, Sengul Zerin, Caliskan Ozan, Taner Unlu Mehmet, Aygun Nurcihan, Uludag Mehmet
Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Sisli Etfal Hastan Tıp Bul. 2024 Sep 30;58(3):291-297. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2024.99390. eCollection 2024.
Thyroglossal cysts (TGCs) usually present during childhood and before the age of 30, however, they can also be seen in adults, even in advanced age. Nodular thyroid disease is also common in adults. In the literature, there is an ongoing debate regarding the differences in clinical presentation, gender, and postoperative recurrence of TGC between children and adults. In this study, we aimed to process the data of adult patients who underwent surgery for TGC in our clinic, along with the data on concurrent thyroid disease and thyroid surgery.
The data of patients over 18 years old who were operated on for TGC at the General Surgery Clinic of Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2024 were retrospectively evaluated.
A total of 16 patients with a mean age of 43.94±12.98 (21-67) years, were included in the study (11 F/5 M). The diagnosis of TGC was made in 12 patients (75%) by ultrasonography (USG), in 1 patient (6.25%) by computed tomography, in 1 patient (6.25%) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in 2 patients (12.5%) incidentally intraoperatively. 13 patients (81.25%) underwent the Sistrunk procedure, and 3 patients (18.75%) underwent cyst excision. Among the 16 TGC patients, papillary thyroid cancer in the cyst was detected in one patient (6.25%) preoperatively. During preoperative evaluation, nodular thyroid disease was found in 12 patients (75%). Of these, papillary thyroid cancer was detected in 3 patients (18.75%) preoperatively. Of the TGC group, 3 (18.75%) underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid malignancy, and five (31.25%) underwent additional thyroid surgery for nodular thyroid disease. The patients were followed for a mean of 22.63±18.32 months (3-67 months), and no recurrence of TGC was observed during the follow-up period.
In patients with TGC, thyroid diseases and the requirement for thyroidectomy due to benign or malignant thyroid disease are not uncommon. Patients with TGC should be evaluated for thyroid disease before surgical treatment. While the Sistrunk procedure is the standard surgical technique in the treatment of TGC, in adults, if the cyst terminates below the hyoid bone, total cyst excision without removing the central portion of the hyoid bone may be sufficient.
甲状舌管囊肿（TGCs）通常在儿童期及30岁之前出现，然而，它们也可见于成人，甚至是高龄成人。结节性甲状腺疾病在成人中也很常见。在文献中，关于儿童和成人TGC在临床表现、性别及术后复发方面的差异存在持续的争论。在本研究中，我们旨在处理在我们诊所接受TGC手术的成年患者的数据，以及并发甲状腺疾病和甲状腺手术的数据。
回顾性评估2018年至2024年期间在锡斯利哈米迪耶埃特法尔培训和研究医院普通外科诊所接受TGC手术的18岁以上患者的数据。
共有16例患者纳入研究，平均年龄为43.94±12.98（21 - 67）岁（11例女性/5例男性）。12例患者（75%）通过超声检查（USG）诊断为TGC，1例患者（6.25%）通过计算机断层扫描诊断，1例患者（6.25%）通过磁共振成像（MRI）诊断，2例患者（12.5%）在术中偶然发现。13例患者（81.25%）接受了Sistrunk手术，3例患者（18.75%）接受了囊肿切除术。在16例TGC患者中，术前1例患者（6.25%）囊肿内检测到甲状腺乳头状癌。在术前评估中，12例患者（75%）发现有结节性甲状腺疾病。其中，术前3例患者（18.75%）检测到甲状腺乳头状癌。在TGC组中，3例患者（18.75%）因甲状腺恶性肿瘤接受了甲状腺切除术，5例患者（31.25%）因结节性甲状腺疾病接受了额外的甲状腺手术。患者平均随访22.63±18.32个月（3 - 67个月），随访期间未观察到TGC复发。
在TGC患者中，甲状腺疾病以及因良性或恶性甲状腺疾病而需要进行甲状腺切除术的情况并不少见。TGC患者在手术治疗前应评估甲状腺疾病。虽然Sistrunk手术是治疗TGC的标准手术技术，但在成人中，如果囊肿在舌骨下方终止，不切除舌骨中央部分而进行完全囊肿切除可能就足够了。
