Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Nov;180:117541. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117541. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare the protective potential of two well-known antioxidants of herbal origin in a mouse model of acute DIC-induced nephro- and hepatotoxicity. The tested antioxidants included lemongrass essential oil (LO) and its predominant bioactive constituent citral (CIT). A third herbal product, silymarin (SILY), was used as a reference hepato-renal protective agent. DIC administration led to elevated serum urea and creatinine levels, and prompted oxidative stress along with histopathological changes in the kidney tissue. In parallel, DIC administration increased serum liver enzyme activity, decreased total protein, albumin, and globulin levels, and caused oxidative stress with associated histopathological changes in the liver tissue. Pre-treatment with LO or CIT mitigated DIC-induced alterations in all serum biochemical markers of kidney and liver health (except albumin). High-dose LO, like SILY, within kidney and liver tissues, counteracted DIC-induced oxidative stress and histomorphological alterations. By contrast, CIT failed to mitigate DIC-induced oxidative stress in the kidneys and provided only partial control of DIC-induced oxidative stress in the liver, resulting in less efficient preservation of kidney function and liver structural integrity than LO. Besides confirming the efficacy of SILY at protecting kidneys and liver against the toxicity of DIC in a rodent species different from the one tested so far (rat), this study demonstrated the preventive properties of LO and, to a lesser extent, of CIT against DIC-induced hepato-renal toxicity in mice, supporting their developmental potential as therapeutics.
本研究旨在评估和比较两种源于草药的知名抗氧化剂在急性 DIC 诱导的肾和肝毒性的小鼠模型中的保护潜力。测试的抗氧化剂包括柠檬草精油（LO）及其主要生物活性成分柠檬醛（CIT）。第三种草药产品水飞蓟素（SILY）被用作肝肾功能保护剂的参考。DIC 给药导致血清尿素和肌酐水平升高，并引发氧化应激以及肾脏组织的组织病理学变化。同时，DIC 给药增加了血清肝酶活性，降低了总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平，并导致氧化应激以及肝脏组织的相关组织病理学变化。LO 或 CIT 的预处理减轻了 DIC 诱导的所有肾脏和肝脏健康的血清生化标志物的改变（除白蛋白外）。与 SILY 一样，高剂量 LO 在肾脏和肝脏组织中对抗 DIC 诱导的氧化应激和组织形态变化。相比之下，CIT 未能减轻肾脏中的 DIC 诱导的氧化应激，仅对肝脏中的 DIC 诱导的氧化应激提供部分控制，导致肾脏功能和肝脏结构完整性的保护不如 LO 有效。除了证实 SILY 在保护肾脏和肝脏免受与迄今为止（大鼠）不同的啮齿动物物种的 DIC 毒性方面的功效外，本研究还证明了 LO 具有预防 DIC 诱导的肝毒性的特性，CIT 的效果较小，支持它们作为治疗剂的开发潜力。
