Fino Emanuele, Jemmett-Skinner Thalia, Evans-Miller Richard, Perkins Joe, Malik Mohammed, Robinson Martin, Webb Gwendalyn
School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
J Pers. 2025 Jun;93(3):796-810. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12976. Epub 2024 Oct 17.
Depersonalization and derealization disorder (DPDR) is a debilitating condition. To date, little was known about the role of personality structure and of perceived social support and loneliness in DPDR.
Three studies investigated, respectively: (i) broadband personality traits (five-factor model), maladaptive trait domains (PID-5), and perceived support and loneliness in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 160) versus a general population sample (N = 303), using network modeling; (ii) structure and interconnectivity of personality, perceived support and loneliness, and DPDR traits (frequency/duration) in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 160); (iii) characteristic adaptations and narrative identities in individuals with self-reported DPDR (N = 19), using thematic analysis.
Study 1 found between-samples differences across several traits, especially psychoticism and negative affect. Differences in networks' global centrality, but not structures or edges, were also found. The graphical model in Study 2 showed a community of dissociative tendencies including DPDR traits and psychoticism. Study 3 highlighted the development of DPDR as a key life transition for those experiencing it, with narratives focusing on feelings of poor agency, isolation, and a disrupted sense of self.
Individual differences in personality characterize DPDR, especially in psychoticism. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
人格解体和现实解体障碍（DPDR）是一种使人衰弱的病症。迄今为止，人们对人格结构、感知到的社会支持和孤独感在DPDR中的作用知之甚少。
三项研究分别进行了调查：（i）使用网络建模，研究自我报告患有DPDR的个体（N = 160）与普通人群样本（N = 303）之间的广义人格特质（五因素模型）、适应不良特质领域（PID-5）以及感知到的支持和孤独感；（ii）研究自我报告患有DPDR的个体（N = 160）的人格结构、感知到的支持和孤独感以及DPDR特质（频率/持续时间）的相互联系；（iii）使用主题分析，研究自我报告患有DPDR的个体（N = 19）的特征适应和叙事身份。
研究1发现了几个特质在样本间的差异，尤其是精神质和消极情绪。还发现了网络全局中心性的差异，但结构或边没有差异。研究2的图形模型显示了一个包括DPDR特质和精神质的解离倾向群落。研究3强调了DPDR的发展是经历该病症者的关键人生转变，其叙事集中在能动性差、孤独以及自我感中断的感受上。
人格的个体差异是DPDR的特征，尤其是精神质方面。讨论了对理论和研究的启示。
