Huang Yihao, Lin Guihong, Liu Sinong, Chen Mingying, Yang Chaoyong, Song Yanling
The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Renji Hospital, School of medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
Chembiochem. 2025 Jan 2;26(1):e202400599. doi: 10.1002/cbic.202400599. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Cancer has long been a significant threat to human life and health. The advent of immune checkpoint blockade strategies has reversed cancer-induced immune suppression, advanced the development of immunotherapy, and offered new hope in the fight against cancer. Aptamers, which possess the same specificity and affinity as antibodies, are advantageous due to their synthetic accessibility and ease of modification, providing novel insights for immune checkpoint research. In this review, we outline the key aptamers currently developed for immune checkpoints such as CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1 and Siglec-15. We explore their potential in therapeutic strategies, including functionalizing or engineering aptamers for covalent binding, valency control, and nanostructure assembly, as well as investigating molecular mechanisms such as glycosylated protein functions and cell-cell interactions. Finally, the future applications of aptamers in immunotherapy are discussed.
癌症长期以来一直是对人类生命和健康的重大威胁。免疫检查点阻断策略的出现扭转了癌症诱导的免疫抑制，推动了免疫疗法的发展，并为抗击癌症带来了新希望。适体与抗体具有相同的特异性和亲和力，因其合成的可及性和易于修饰而具有优势，为免疫检查点研究提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们概述了目前针对免疫检查点（如CTLA-4、PD-1、PD-L1和Siglec-15）开发的关键适体。我们探讨了它们在治疗策略中的潜力，包括使适体功能化或进行工程改造以实现共价结合、价态控制和纳米结构组装，以及研究糖基化蛋白功能和细胞间相互作用等分子机制。最后，讨论了适体在免疫疗法中的未来应用。
