与安卡拉改良痘苗病毒疫苗接种相比，猴痘病毒感染可刺激产生更强健且持久的中和抗体反应。

Monkeypox Virus Infection Stimulates a More Robust and Durable Neutralizing Antibody Response Compared to Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccination.

作者信息

Selverian Christopher N, Monticelli Stephanie R, Jaleta Yakin M, Lasso Gorka, DeMouth Megan E, Meola Annalisa, Berrigan Jacob, Batchelor Thomas G, Battini Leandro, Guardado-Calvo Pablo, Herbert Andrew S, Chandran Kartik, Meyerowitz Eric, Miller Emily Happy

机构信息

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.

Viral Immunology Branch, Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland.

出版信息

J Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 15;231(4):1069-1073. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae515.

DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae515

PMID:39422181

Abstract

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) has recently caused a global disease outbreak in humans. Differences in the neutralizing antibody response to vaccination versus MPXV infection remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the neutralization of MPXV and vaccinia virus by sera from a cohort of convalescent and vaccinated individuals at 1 and 8 months postexposure. Convalescent individuals displayed higher neutralizing antibody titers against MPXV than vaccinated and MPXV-naive persons at 1 month postexposure. Neutralizing antibody titers had waned significantly in both groups at 8 months. This study suggests that additional vaccine strategies are needed to elicit a durable humoral response and prevent breakthrough infections.

摘要

猴痘病毒（MPXV）最近在人类中引发了全球疾病爆发。针对疫苗接种与MPXV感染的中和抗体反应差异仍知之甚少。在此，我们检测了一组恢复期和接种疫苗个体在暴露后1个月和8个月时血清对MPXV和痘苗病毒的中和作用。在暴露后1个月，恢复期个体对MPXV的中和抗体滴度高于接种疫苗个体和未接触过MPXV的个体。在8个月时，两组的中和抗体滴度均显著下降。这项研究表明，需要额外的疫苗策略来引发持久的体液反应并预防突破性感染。