Guzmán Ana Belén, Vidal-Espinoza Rubén, Urzua-Alul Luis, Castelli Correia de Campos Luis Felipe, Fuentes-López José, Urra-Albornoz Camilo, Cossio-Bolaños Marco, Gomez-Campos Rossana
Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca.
Universidad Católica Silva Henriquez, Santiago.
Eur J Transl Myol. 2024 Oct 17;34(4):12888. doi: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12888.
Explosive strength is fundamental in the performance of athletes. The objective is to identify the criteria used for the prescription of Explosive Strength Training (EST) and to verify the changes it produces in futsal players. A systematic review of studies analyzing the criteria used for the prescription of explosive strength training was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Scielo, considering the period between 2017 and 2023. The search strategy used the terms: players, Futsal, Futsal training, strength, physical exercise, explosive strength, intervention, experimental study. Data extraction included: year of publication, country, sample, protocol performed (content and activity developed, duration, intensity, frequency, total weeks). A total of six studies were identified. Fifty percent of the studies were developed in Brazil, the others in Italy, Spain and Portugal. Five studies applied a training of 2 sessions per week and one indicated 2-3 sessions. Three studies describe the training sessions (study 1: 15-30 minutes, study 2: 20-25 minutes, study 3: 1 hour). Five studies used 1RM and one study used subjective perception of exertion (PSE). The contents of the interventions were varied, from squats with weights, accelerations and decelerations, leg press, leg extension, plyometrics. The training criteria for explosive strength were: intensity controlled by a 1RM, frequency of 2 to 3 sessions per week, duration of 15 to 30 minutes per session and the training contents were varied. These results suggest positive changes in CMJ, increasing explosive strength from ∼2.0 to 4.6 cm (5.8 to 13.7%). These findings highlight the need to develop a more standardized protocol to optimize the benefits of explosive strength training in this athletic population.
爆发力是运动员表现的基础。目的是确定用于规定爆发力训练(EST)的标准,并验证其对五人制足球运动员产生的变化。在PubMed/MEDLINE和Scielo中对2017年至2023年期间分析爆发力训练规定标准的研究进行了系统综述。搜索策略使用了以下术语:运动员、五人制足球、五人制足球训练、力量、体育锻炼、爆发力、干预、实验研究。数据提取包括:出版年份、国家、样本、执行的方案(内容和开展的活动、持续时间、强度、频率、总周数)。共确定了六项研究。50%的研究在巴西开展,其他研究分别在意大利、西班牙和葡萄牙进行。五项研究每周进行2次训练,一项研究表明每周进行2 - 3次训练。三项研究描述了训练课程(研究1:15 - 30分钟,研究2:20 - 25分钟,研究3:1小时)。五项研究使用了1RM,一项研究使用了主观用力感知(PSE)。干预内容各不相同,包括负重深蹲、加速和减速、腿举、腿伸展、增强式训练。爆发力训练的标准为:强度由1RM控制,每周2至3次训练,每次训练持续15至30分钟,训练内容多样。这些结果表明在反向纵跳方面有积极变化,爆发力从约2.0厘米增加到4.6厘米(5.8%至13.7%)。这些发现凸显了制定更标准化方案以优化该运动员群体爆发力训练益处的必要性。