Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC), Department of Science and Technology, Government of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382011, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:136166. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136166. Epub 2024 Oct 13.
Poultry manure is widely used as organic fertilizer in agriculture during the cultivation of crops, but the persistent high-level use of antibiotics in poultry production has raised concerns about the selection for reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Previous studies have shown that the addition of poultry manure can increase the abundance of genes associated with resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, bacitracin, chloramphenicol, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin in soil and plants. Understanding the microbial populations that harbor these ARGs is important to identify microorganisms that could enter the human food chain. Here, we test the hypothesis that environmental exposure to poultry manure increases the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in plant endophytes using selective culture, phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST), phylogenetic analysis, and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Endophytes from poultry manure treated Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench plant root and stem samples showed increased phenotypic and genotypic resistance against multiple antibiotics compared to untreated controls. Comparison of AMR phenotype-to-genotype relationships highlighted the detection of multi-drug resistant (MDR) plant endophytes, demonstrating the value of genomic surveillance for emerging drug-resistant pathogens. The increased occurrence of ARGs in poultry manure-exposed endophytes highlights the need for responsible antibiotic use in poultry and animal farming to reduce contamination of ecological niches and transgression into endophytic plant microbiome compartments. It also emphasizes the requirement for proper manure management practices and vigilance in monitoring and surveillance efforts to tackle the growing problem of antibiotic resistance and preserve the efficacy of antibiotics for human and veterinary medicine.
家禽粪便广泛应用于农业中的作物种植，作为有机肥料，但家禽生产中持续高水平使用抗生素引起了人们对选择抗微生物药物耐药基因（ARGs）库的关注。先前的研究表明，添加家禽粪便可以增加与四环素、氨基糖苷类、氟喹诺酮类、磺胺类、杆菌肽、氯霉素和大环内酯类-林可酰胺类-链阳性菌素耐药相关基因在土壤和植物中的丰度。了解携带这些 ARGs 的微生物种群对于识别可能进入人类食物链的微生物至关重要。在这里，我们通过选择性培养、表型抗生素药敏试验（AST）、系统发育分析和全基因组测序（WGS）来检验环境暴露于家禽粪便会增加植物内生菌对抗生素的耐药性（AMR）的假设。与未处理对照相比，来自经家禽粪便处理的高粱根和茎样本的内生菌表现出对多种抗生素的表型和基因型耐药性增加。AMR 表型与基因型关系的比较突出了多药耐药（MDR）植物内生菌的检测，证明了基因组监测对于新兴耐药病原体的价值。在暴露于家禽粪便的内生菌中，ARGs 的出现增加强调了在禽类和动物养殖中负责任地使用抗生素的必要性，以减少对生态位的污染和对内生植物微生物组隔室的侵袭。它还强调了适当的粪便管理实践的必要性，并在监测和监视工作中保持警惕，以解决抗生素耐药性日益严重的问题，并保持抗生素在人类和兽医医学中的疗效。
