Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Syst Rev. 2024 Oct 18;13(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s13643-024-02678-y.
Interventions that leverage implicit motives - affect-based, non-conscious motivational dispositions - may increase physical activity by making physical activity more pleasurable. However, there is no evidence synthesis of the empirical data linking the major implicit motives (achievement, affiliation, and power motives) and physical activity. We aimed to close this research gap.
Following a systematic literature search in the PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science databases until August 2024, we performed a scoping review. We included German- or English-language publications in peer-reviewed journals or books that followed an observational or intervention study design. Studies had to link ≥ 1 major implicit motive measured via a well-established method to physical activity behavior. We critically appraised the methodological quality of the included studies using an adaptation of the JBI critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies and synthesized the evidence qualitatively.
Out of 1047 potentially relevant records, five publications (seven studies, N = 550) were included. All eligible studies were observational (six cross-sectional, one prospective longitudinal). The achievement motive was researched the most. The data indicated a relatively consistent positive association between physical activity and the achievement motive, particularly in athletes and in sports-specific settings. The associations with the affiliation and power motives were more mixed. Most studies were conducted in sports-specific settings. All studies elicited methodological concerns, to varying degrees.
The available data indicate a positive association between achievement motive strength and physical activity. However, important limitations, especially the lack of intervention studies and the use of non-gold standard assessment methods, limit the confidence in the findings. More, methodologically sound research is needed to better understand the link between implicit motives and physical activity, especially in the general population.
PROSPERO CRD42023392198.
利用内隐动机——基于情感的、非意识的动机倾向——的干预措施可能会通过使体育活动更愉快来增加体育活动量。然而，目前还没有对将主要内隐动机（成就、亲和和权力动机）与体育活动联系起来的实证数据进行综合评估。我们旨在弥补这一研究空白。
在 2024 年 8 月之前，我们在 PsycInfo、PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，然后进行了范围综述。我们纳入了发表在同行评议期刊或书籍中的德语或英语出版物，这些出版物采用了观察性或干预性研究设计。研究必须将通过成熟方法测量的≥1 个主要内隐动机与体育活动行为联系起来。我们使用 JBI 分析性横断面研究批判性评价清单的改编版对纳入研究的方法学质量进行了批判性评价，并对证据进行了定性综合。
在 1047 份潜在相关记录中，有 5 篇出版物（7 项研究，N=550）被纳入。所有合格的研究均为观察性研究（6 项横断面研究，1 项前瞻性纵向研究）。成就动机的研究最多。数据表明，体育活动与成就动机之间存在相对一致的正相关，尤其是在运动员和特定运动环境中。与亲和动机和权力动机的关联则更为复杂。大多数研究是在特定运动环境中进行的。所有研究都引起了不同程度的方法学问题。
现有数据表明，成就动机强度与体育活动之间存在正相关。然而，重要的局限性，尤其是缺乏干预研究和使用非黄金标准评估方法，限制了对研究结果的信任。需要更多方法学上合理的研究来更好地理解内隐动机与体育活动之间的联系，尤其是在普通人群中。
PROSPERO CRD42023392198。
