Schüler Julia, Wegner Mirko, Knechtle Beat
Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2014 Jun;36(3):293-302. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2013-0191.
Previous research has shown that the effects of basic psychological needs on the flow experience in sports are moderated by implicit motives. However, so far, only leisure and health-oriented sports have been analyzed. In a pilot study and a main study (N = 29, 93), we tested whether the implicit achievement and affiliation motives interact with the need for competence and the need for social relatedness satisfaction, respectively, to predict flow experience and well-being in extreme endurance athletes. Results showed that highly achievement-motivated individuals benefited more from the need for competence satisfaction in terms of flow than individuals with a low achievement motive did. In addition, highly affiliation-motivated individuals whose need for social relatedness is satisfied reported higher positive affect and lower exercise addiction scores than athletes with a low motive. We discuss the differential effects of the interplay between the achievement and affiliation motives and basic needs on different outcome variables.
先前的研究表明，基本心理需求对运动中的心流体验的影响受到内隐动机的调节。然而，到目前为止，仅对休闲和以健康为导向的运动进行了分析。在一项预研究和一项主要研究（N = 29, 93）中，我们测试了内隐成就动机和归属动机是否分别与能力需求和社会关系满意度需求相互作用，以预测极限耐力运动员的心流体验和幸福感。结果表明，高成就动机的个体在心流方面比低成就动机的个体从能力需求满足中受益更多。此外，社会关系需求得到满足的高归属动机个体比低动机的运动员报告了更高的积极情绪和更低的运动成瘾得分。我们讨论了成就动机和归属动机与基本需求之间的相互作用对不同结果变量的差异影响。
