Ulker Izzet, Aydogdu Nihal Gordes
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Iran J Public Health. 2024 Sep;53(9):2069-2078. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v53i9.16460.
Dietary habits are influenced by environmental factors. Among these environmental factors are the place of residence, cultural characteristics, food accessibility, and economic status, which can all contribute to changes in the dietary pattern. Migration is another factor that can influence changes in the aspects mentioned above. We aimed to assess the dietary habits of individuals who have migrated from Turkey to Germany in comparison to those living in Turkey.
In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 254 individuals were enrolled with 102 individuals in Germany and 152 individuals in Turkey between April 2022 and July 2023. The data collection tools included Socio-demographic Characteristics Forms, Dietary Habits and Health Status Forms, and Food Consumption Frequency Forms. The data was collected online via Google Forms.
There were statistically significant differences in the consumption frequency of processed meats, meat and poultry, sweetened beverages, sugar, desserts and pastries, vegetables, fruits, eggs and grains, olive oil, sunflower oil, hazelnut oil, grains, dairy products, coffee, starch, and carbonated beverages between the two groups (<0.05). Statistically significant differences were not found in terms of butter and tea consumption frequency.
Overall, the study results have revealed significant differences in dietary habits between Turks living in Germany and those living in Turkey. The most noteworthy dimension of these differences is that individuals living in Turkey exhibit a stronger adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, while those living in Germany tend to follow a Western dietary pattern.
饮食习惯受环境因素影响。这些环境因素包括居住地点、文化特征、食物可及性和经济状况，所有这些都可能导致饮食模式的变化。移民是另一个可能影响上述方面变化的因素。我们旨在评估从土耳其移民到德国的人与居住在土耳其的人相比的饮食习惯。
在这项描述性横断面研究中，2022年4月至2023年7月期间招募了254名个体，其中102名在德国，152名在土耳其。数据收集工具包括社会人口学特征表、饮食习惯与健康状况表以及食物消费频率表。数据通过谷歌表单在线收集。
两组之间在加工肉类、肉类和家禽、甜味饮料、糖、甜点和糕点、蔬菜、水果、鸡蛋和谷物、橄榄油、葵花籽油、榛子油、谷物、乳制品、咖啡、淀粉和碳酸饮料的消费频率上存在统计学显著差异（<0.05）。在黄油和茶的消费频率方面未发现统计学显著差异。
总体而言，研究结果揭示了居住在德国的土耳其人与居住在土耳其的土耳其人在饮食习惯上存在显著差异。这些差异最值得注意的方面是，居住在土耳其的人对地中海饮食模式的遵循程度更高，而居住在德国的人则倾向于遵循西方饮食模式。
