Pouramini Ali Reza, Kafi Fatemeh, Khadivi Reza
Community and Family Medicine Department, Medical Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2024;16(3):179-183. doi: 10.34172/jcvtr.33127. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
The Package of Essential Non-Communicable (PEN) Disease Control was implemented in the primary healthcare system to manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the status of CVD risk factor control following the implementation of the PEN.
This historical cohort study was conducted among 60-65-year-old residents to compare hypertension (HTN) control via mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diabetes mellitus (DM) control via fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1C tests, hyperlipidemia control via serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and overweight and obesity via body mass index (BMI) measurement in 2016 (before the implementation of the PEN project) and 2021 (after 5 years).
A total of 1,583 residents with a mean age of 62.32±1.70 years were included in the study. In 2021, compared to 2016, there was a significant decrease in the relative frequency of residents with high SBP from 13.7% to 9.3%, high DBP from 11.3% to 3.4%, FBS≥126 mg/dL from 25.6% to 19.7%, and BMI≥30 from 25.7% to 23.4%. Additionally, the mean DBP and the mean serum levels of FBS among all participants decreased significantly. However, the relative frequency of residents with total cholesterol≥200 mg/dL increased significantly from 11.5% to 14.2%.
Following the implementation of the PEN, the control of HTN, DM, and obesity improved among 60-65-year-old residents. However, the control of hypercholesterolemia did not improve.
伊朗在初级卫生保健系统中实施了基本非传染性疾病（PEN）控制方案，以管理心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素。本研究旨在评估PEN实施后CVD风险因素的控制状况。
本历史队列研究在60 - 65岁居民中开展，通过平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）比较高血压（HTN）控制情况，通过空腹血糖（FBS）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）检测比较糖尿病（DM）控制情况，通过血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平比较高脂血症控制情况，以及通过体重指数（BMI）测量比较2016年（PEN项目实施前）和2021年（5年后）的超重和肥胖情况。
共有1583名平均年龄为62.32±1.70岁的居民纳入研究。2021年与2016年相比，收缩压高的居民相对频率从13.7%显著降至9.3%，舒张压高的居民从11.3%降至3.4%，空腹血糖≥126 mg/dL的居民从25.6%降至19.7%，体重指数≥30的居民从25.7%降至23.4%。此外，所有参与者的平均舒张压和平均空腹血糖水平显著下降。然而，总胆固醇≥200 mg/dL的居民相对频率从11.5%显著增至14.2%。
PEN实施后，60 - 65岁居民的高血压、糖尿病和肥胖控制情况有所改善。然而，高胆固醇血症的控制情况并未改善。
