Food and Nutrition Hygiene Unit - East Area, Local Health Authority, Southern East Tuscany, Arezzo, Italy.
Health Care Management, Local Health Authority, Southern East Tuscany, Siena, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2024 Aug 31;65(2):E117-E124. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2024.65.2.3194. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Eating a healthy diet is acknowledged as one of the main factors in preventing malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. As young students represent a group more prone to poor dietary habits, the aim of this study was to analyse the dietary habits of a group of undergraduate students attending university in a city of central Italy, Siena.
4,700 students were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study completing an online self-administered questionnaire about their food habits. The obtained data were analysed by Microsoft Excel 2021 and Stata 17 software, through the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis test; a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The students living at home consumed more fruit, vegetables, pasta, meat, fish, packaged foods, fruit juices, beer and wine; the only statistically significant differences were found for pizza and snacks. Even the gender influenced the consumption of many foods; women consumed more vegetables and coffee/tea, while males ate more pasta, meat, packaged foods, pizza, fries and beer.
With the transition from secondary school to university, students are continuously challenged to make healthful food choices and they must be self-disciplined to take care of themselves. It would be important for health campaigns to be promoted in young adults to help them make the right choices.
健康饮食被认为是预防营养不良和非传染性疾病的主要因素之一。由于年轻学生更容易养成不良的饮食习惯，因此本研究旨在分析意大利中部锡耶纳市一所大学的一组本科生的饮食习惯。
邀请 4700 名学生参加一项横断面研究，他们通过在线自我管理问卷完成了关于饮食习惯的调查。使用 Microsoft Excel 2021 和 Stata 17 软件对获得的数据进行分析，采用 Mann-Whitney 和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验；p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
住校的学生食用更多的水果、蔬菜、面食、肉类、鱼类、包装食品、果汁、啤酒和葡萄酒；唯一具有统计学意义的差异是披萨和零食。甚至性别也影响了许多食物的消费；女性食用更多的蔬菜和咖啡/茶，而男性则吃更多的面食、肉类、包装食品、披萨、薯条和啤酒。
从中学到大学的过渡时期，学生不断面临做出健康饮食选择的挑战，他们必须自律以照顾好自己。在年轻人中推广健康运动以帮助他们做出正确的选择是很重要的。
