Xu Changbao, Zhang Xiang, Fang Jiahao, Yao Yuming, Zhang Yong, Lu Xulei, Yang Tingting, Xin Mingyong
Electric Power Research Institute of Guizhou Power Grid Company Limited, Guiyang 550002, China.
Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Oct 1;9(41):42602-42611. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c07849. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
The rapid advancement in the Internet of Things (IoT) has prompted a proliferation of sensor applications with increasing focus on harnessing environmental energy sources for powering these sensors. However, owing to the variability inherent in climatic and geographic conditions, a singular approach to environmental energy harvesting often fails to deliver sustainable and reliable power. Hygroelectric technology, leveraging the electrical coupling between nanostructured materials and water to convert moisture-derived energy into electricity, complements the advantages of light energy collection technology. In this study, an ion diode moisture-based power generation array was fabricated to yield an open-circuit voltage of 8 V and a short-circuit current of 3 mA under an 86.9% relative humidity (RH). Subsequently, integration of a photovoltaic module with the hygroelectric generator assembly via an energy management circuit augmented the system's overall power generation, manifesting a remarkable 1150% increase over the original moisture-based power generation configuration. Furthermore, the incorporation of such a hybridized system bolstered the operational efficiency, extending the duration of continuous power supply cycles by up to 78.2% in comparison with the control group with no moisture-derived energy input. This pioneering endeavor unveils a novel light-moisture coupling energy-harvesting paradigm tailored for sustaining uninterrupted power provision in wireless sensor network nodes, and the harvesting of one energy source is not affected by the other energy source at all. With its inherent adaptability, this approach holds promise for deployment in outdoor environments characterized by low illumination levels and high humidity, presenting a versatile solution to address sensor powering challenges.
物联网（IoT）的迅速发展促使传感器应用激增，人们越来越关注利用环境能源为这些传感器供电。然而，由于气候和地理条件固有的变异性，单一的环境能量收集方法往往无法提供可持续和可靠的电力。湿电技术利用纳米结构材料与水之间的电耦合将湿气衍生的能量转化为电能，补充了光能收集技术的优势。在本研究中，制造了一种基于离子二极管湿度的发电阵列，在相对湿度（RH）为86.9%的情况下，开路电压为8 V，短路电流为3 mA。随后，通过能量管理电路将光伏模块与湿电发电机组件集成，提高了系统的整体发电量，与原始的基于湿度的发电配置相比，发电量显著增加了1150%。此外，这种混合系统的加入提高了运行效率，与没有湿气衍生能量输入的对照组相比，连续供电周期的持续时间延长了78.2%。这一开创性的努力揭示了一种新颖的光-湿耦合能量收集模式，专为在无线传感器网络节点中维持不间断供电而设计，并且一种能量源的收集完全不受另一种能量源的影响。凭借其固有的适应性，这种方法有望部署在光照水平低和湿度高的户外环境中，为解决传感器供电挑战提供了一种通用解决方案。
