Department of Neurosciences and The Center for Brain Recovery and Repair, University of New Mexico School of Medicine.
Department of Neurosciences and The Center for Brain Recovery and Repair, University of New Mexico School of Medicine;
J Vis Exp. 2024 Oct 4(212). doi: 10.3791/67032.
Spreading Depolarizations (SDs) are massive events in the brain that often go undetected due to their slow propagation through gray matter. Because SD detection can be elusive, it is optimally confirmed using multiple methods. This protocol describes methods for combining imaging and electrophysiology to detect SDs in a manner that most laboratories can reliably and easily adopt. SDs occur following traumatic brain injuries, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhages, ischemia, and migraine aura. Historically, SDs have been recorded using DC amplifiers, which can resolve the slow extracellular shift and the depression in high-frequency activity. However, DC amplifiers are nearly impossible to use for chronic in vivo recordings. This protocol employs a common AC amplifier for in vivo electrophysiology recordings to confirm high-frequency depression, along with non-invasive imaging necessary to detect the propagating wave of SD. These methods can be reliably adopted and/or modified for most experimental approaches to confirm the presence or absence of SDs following brain injury.
扩布性去极化（SD）是大脑中的大规模事件，由于其在灰质中的缓慢传播，通常无法检测到。由于 SD 的检测可能难以捉摸，因此最好使用多种方法进行确认。本方案描述了结合影像学和电生理学来检测 SD 的方法，大多数实验室都可以可靠且轻松地采用这些方法。SD 发生在创伤性脑损伤、中风、蛛网膜下腔出血、缺血和偏头痛先兆之后。从历史上看，SD 是使用直流放大器记录的，直流放大器可以解析缓慢的细胞外移位和高频活动的抑制。然而，直流放大器几乎不可能用于慢性体内记录。本方案采用常见的交流放大器进行体内电生理学记录，以确认高频抑制以及非侵入性成像，以检测 SD 的传播波。这些方法可用于大多数实验方法，以可靠地确认脑损伤后 SD 的存在或不存在。
