Ayers Stephanie L, Wu Shiyou, Marsiglia Flavio F
Global Center for Applied Health Research, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 North Central Avenue, Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, One Arizona Center, 400 E Van Buren St, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2024 Oct 21. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-02214-7.
The pandemic exacerbated unmet social and medical needs, disproportionately impacting Latinx communities. This article examines how unmet needs varied from February 2021 to April 2023 among 428 Latinx individuals. Multiple-to-multiple path analysis models of cross-sectional surveys showed significant increases in unmet social (β = 0.17, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.12, p = .001) needs over time, with variations by age, language, and health insurance. Initially, older adults reported more unmet medical needs, but later, younger adults reported higher needs (β=-0.16, p = .001). Among Spanish speakers, both social (β = 0.24, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.20, p = .003) needs increased significantly. Uninsured individuals had significant increases in unmet social (β = 0.20, p = .001) and medical (β = 0.16, p = .013) needs, while those with public insurance experienced decreased social needs (β=-0.12, p = .017) compared to privately insured. These findings highlight growing disparities within the Latinx community, underscoring the need to prioritize vulnerable populations in public health responses and monitor program impacts for equitable access to essential services.
这场疫情加剧了未得到满足的社会和医疗需求，对拉丁裔社区造成了不成比例的影响。本文研究了2021年2月至2023年4月期间428名拉丁裔个体中未得到满足的需求是如何变化的。横断面调查的多对多路径分析模型显示，随着时间的推移，未得到满足的社会需求（β = 0.17，p = 0.001）和医疗需求（β = 0.12，p = 0.001）显著增加，且因年龄、语言和医疗保险的不同而有所差异。最初，老年人报告的未得到满足的医疗需求更多，但后来，年轻人报告的需求更高（β = -0.16，p = 0.001）。在说西班牙语的人群中，社会需求（β = 0.24，p = 0.001）和医疗需求（β = 0.20，p = 0.003）均显著增加。未参保个体未得到满足的社会需求（β = 0.20，p = 0.001）和医疗需求（β = 0.16，p = 0.013）显著增加，而与私人保险者相比，有公共保险的人社会需求减少（β = -0.12，p = 0.017）。这些发现凸显了拉丁裔社区内日益扩大的差距，强调在公共卫生应对中需要优先考虑弱势群体，并监测项目影响以确保公平获得基本服务。
