School of Textile Science and Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China.
Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Oct 30;16(43):59412-59423. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c14974. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
Flexible capacitive sensors have attracted the attention of researchers owing to their simple structure, ease of realization, and wearability. Currently, flexible capacitive sensors mainly have three-dimensional and two-dimensional structures, which are subject to several limitations in their applications. A low-cost, high-efficiency, and continuously processable process was used to wrap nylon DTY (PA) filaments on the surface of silver-coated nylon (SCN) core yarns and impregnate them with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to obtain SCN/PA/WPU composite yarns, which were then utilized in the design of SCN/PA/WPU for the preparation of one-dimensionally structured flexible capacitive sensors. The morphology and mechanical properties of the SCN core yarn, SCN/PA wrapped yarn, and SCN/PA/WPU composite yarn were characterized. The strain-sensing performance of the sensor was analyzed, and the sensor was used to monitor human physiological activities. The sensor exhibited excellent strain capacitance sensing performance with a strain range of up to 140%. With a gauge factor of 0.66 at 10% tensile strain, it can detect strains as low as 1% and has good repeatability, withstanding more than 3200 tensile-unload cycles at 80% strain. The one-dimensional structure sensor can be used to monitor the large-scale movements of joints and muscles in various parts of the human body and the physiological signals of tiny human movements, such as breathing, coughing, and facial expressions, which have potential applications in the fields of sports monitoring and smart wearable.
柔性电容传感器因其结构简单、易于实现和可穿戴等优点引起了研究人员的关注。目前，柔性电容传感器主要有三维和二维结构，在应用中受到一些限制。采用一种低成本、高效率且可连续处理的工艺，将尼龙 DTY（PA）长丝包裹在镀银尼龙（SCN）芯纱表面，并对其进行水性聚氨酯（WPU）浸渍，得到 SCN/PA/WPU 复合纱线，再利用 SCN/PA/WPU 设计制备一维结构的柔性电容传感器。对 SCN 芯纱、SCN/PA 包缠纱和 SCN/PA/WPU 复合纱的形貌和力学性能进行了表征。分析了传感器的应变传感性能，并将其用于监测人体生理活动。该传感器具有优异的应变电容传感性能，应变范围可达 140%。在 10%拉伸应变时，其应变系数为 0.66，可检测低至 1%的应变，具有良好的重复性，在 80%应变下可承受超过 3200 次的拉伸-卸载循环。一维结构传感器可用于监测人体各部位关节和肌肉的大幅度运动以及呼吸、咳嗽和面部表情等微小人体运动的生理信号，在运动监测和智能可穿戴等领域具有潜在应用。
