School of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, UP, India.
Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu-42988, Republic of Korea.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2859:211-237. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4152-1_12.
Proteomics has revolutionized the field of cancer biology because the use of a large number of in vivo (SILAC), in vitro (iTRAQ, ICAT, TMT, stable-isotope Dimethyl, and O) labeling techniques or label-free methods (spectral counting or peak intensities) coupled with mass spectrometry enables us to profile and identify dysregulated proteins in diseases such as cancer. These proteome and genome studies have led to many challenges, such as the lack of consistency or correlation between copy numbers, RNA, and protein-level data. This review covers solely mass spectrometry-based approaches used for cancer biomarker discovery. It also touches on the emerging role of oncoproteogenomics or proteogenomics in cancer biomarker discovery and how this new area is attracting the integration of genomics and proteomics areas to address some of the important questions to help impinge on the biology and pathophysiology of different malignancies to make these mass spectrometry-based studies more realistic and relevant to clinical settings.
蛋白质组学彻底改变了癌症生物学领域，因为使用大量的体内（SILAC）、体外（iTRAQ、ICAT、TMT、稳定同位素二甲基和 O）标记技术或无标记方法（谱计数或峰强度）与质谱联用，可以对癌症等疾病中的失调蛋白质进行分析和鉴定。这些蛋白质组和基因组研究带来了许多挑战，例如拷贝数、RNA 和蛋白质水平数据之间缺乏一致性或相关性。本综述仅涵盖用于癌症生物标志物发现的基于质谱的方法。它还涉及癌基因蛋白质组学或蛋白质组学在癌症生物标志物发现中的新兴作用，以及这个新领域如何吸引基因组学和蛋白质组学领域的整合，以解决一些重要问题，帮助深入了解不同恶性肿瘤的生物学和病理生理学，使这些基于质谱的研究更具现实意义和与临床环境相关。
