Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA.
CVS Health, Woonsocket, RI, USA.
J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2024 Oct 22;8(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s41687-024-00797-7.
Evidence on long COVID symptom clustering patterns among patients with COVID-19 is limited. We summarized long COVID symptoms in clusters defined by number of symptoms co-occurring together, and we assessed Health-Related Quality of Life (HQRoL), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) outcomes across these clusters over time. We assessed associations between the clusters and BNT162b2 vaccination status.
A prospective longitudinal patient-reported outcomes (PRO) study recruited laboratory-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 patients seeking testing from a national retail pharmacy. Long COVID-19 symptoms were self-reported by participants at 4-week, 3-month and 6-month surveys. Patient classes identified via latent class analysis (LCA) with long COVID-19 symptoms were simplified into clusters based on number of symptoms. HRQoL and WPAI outcomes were collected using EQ-ED-5L and WPAI: GH questionnaires. Mixed models for repeated measures analyses were conducted to examine associations between exposure groups and outcomes.
The study included 328 participants that were segmented into three groups of long COVID-19 symptoms based on LCA and then simplified by the number of symptoms (Cluster 1 low, <2; Cluster 2 moderate, 2-6; and Cluster 3 high, >6 symptoms). The number of long COVID-19 symptoms was negatively associated with HRQoL and WPAI, whereby participants with high symptom burden (>6 symptoms) had the lowest HRQoL and WPAI scores assessed by absenteeism, presenteeism, work productivity loss, activity impairment, and hours worked metrics. Compared with those unvaccinated and not up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccination, subjects boosted with BNT162b2 consistently reported less symptom burden during the follow-up, regardless of their symptom-based cluster.
Three distinct patient clusters based on frequency of long COVID symptoms experienced different HRQoL and WPAI outcomes over 6 months. The cluster with more concomitant symptoms experienced greater burden than the others. Participants up-to-date with BNT162b2 reported lower symptom burden across all clusters and timeframes.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05160636.
关于 COVID-19 患者长新冠症状聚类模式的证据有限。我们总结了由共同出现的症状数量定义的长新冠症状聚类，并且随着时间的推移评估了这些聚类的健康相关生活质量 (HRQoL) 和工作生产力及活动障碍 (WPAI) 结果。我们评估了聚类与 BNT162b2 疫苗接种状况之间的关联。
一项前瞻性纵向患者报告结局 (PRO) 研究招募了来自全国零售药店接受检测的有症状 COVID-19 患者。长新冠症状由参与者在 4 周、3 个月和 6 个月的调查中自我报告。通过潜伏类分析 (LCA) 确定的长新冠患者类别，根据症状数量简化为聚类。使用 EQ-ED-5L 和 WPAI:GH 问卷收集 HRQoL 和 WPAI 结果。使用重复测量混合模型分析来检验暴露组与结局之间的关联。
该研究包括 328 名参与者，他们根据 LCA 分为三组长新冠症状，然后根据症状数量简化为三个聚类 (聚类 1：低，<2 个症状；聚类 2：中，2-6 个症状；聚类 3：高，>6 个症状)。长新冠症状数量与 HRQoL 和 WPAI 呈负相关，即负担较重的患者 (>6 个症状) 的 HRQoL 和 WPAI 评分最低，通过旷工、在职、工作生产力损失、活动障碍和工作时间等指标评估。与未接种疫苗和未及时接种 COVID-19 疫苗的人群相比，无论其症状聚类如何，接受 BNT162b2 加强针的受试者在随访期间报告的症状负担始终较轻。
基于长新冠症状频率的三个不同患者聚类在 6 个月内经历了不同的 HRQoL 和 WPAI 结局。伴随症状更多的聚类比其他聚类的负担更大。在所有聚类和时间框架内，及时接种 BNT162b2 的参与者报告的症状负担较低。
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05160636。
