Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH, Aalen, Germany.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2024 Oct 1;13(10):32. doi: 10.1167/tvst.13.10.32.
The mechanisms underlying a myopia control strategy using scattering lenses are unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the short-term effects of scatter lenses on central and peripheral choroidal thickness and axial length, which serve as a biomarker in myopia progression research.
In total, 23 participants underwent a 60-minute lens wear phase each to five lens conditions: medium peripheral scattering, high peripheral scattering, medium full-field scattering, high full-field scattering and control (clear lens). Central and peripheral choroidal thickness, foveal axial length, and central visual acuity were measured before and after each lens wear condition.
Peripheral choroidal thickening was found after the lens wear phase of the medium peripheral scattering condition (+3.91 ± 5.37 µm, P = 0.04), revealing a significant difference to the control lens condition (P = 0.004), most pronounced in the superior peripheral retina (+1.95 ± 10.74 µm, P = 0.02). In the central retina, significant choroidal thickening was only found in the nasal part after exposure to medium full-field scattering (+3.91 ± 11.72 µm) compared to the control condition (P = 0.001). High peripheral and full-field scattering conditions did not significantly affect central or peripheral choroidal thickness. Visual acuity was significantly reduced in the full-field scattering conditions compared to control and peripheral scattering lenses, with no improvement after 60-minute lens wear. Axial length did not differ significantly after 60-minute exposure to any scattering lens condition or when compared to the control lens.
The results indicate a local retinal contrast detection mechanism signals the choroid to thicken peripherally after adaptation to medium peripheral scattering but not high peripheral scattering or full-field scattering at all, while central thickening was only significant nasally after exposure to medium full-field scattering. This emphasizes the importance of the peripheral retina and the level of contrast reduction in the context of myopia research.
This finding gives insight into the mechanism behind the myopia control strategy inducing peripheral scattering.
使用散射透镜的近视控制策略的机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨散射透镜对中央和周边脉络膜厚度及眼轴的短期影响，这些指标可作为近视进展研究中的生物标志物。
共有 23 名参与者在 60 分钟的镜片佩戴阶段，分别佩戴 5 种镜片条件：中周向散射、高周向散射、中全向散射、高全向散射和对照（清晰镜片）。在每个镜片佩戴条件前后，测量中央和周边脉络膜厚度、中心凹眼轴长度和中心视力。
在中周向散射条件的镜片佩戴阶段后，发现周边脉络膜增厚（+3.91±5.37μm，P=0.04），与对照镜片条件相比有显著差异（P=0.004），在周边视网膜的上侧最为明显（+1.95±10.74μm，P=0.02）。在中央视网膜，仅在暴露于中全向散射后，鼻侧部分才有明显的脉络膜增厚（+3.91±11.72μm），与对照条件相比有显著差异（P=0.001）。高周向和全向散射条件均未显著影响中央或周边脉络膜厚度。与对照和周向散射镜片相比，全向散射条件下的视力明显下降，而佩戴 60 分钟镜片后并未改善。在 60 分钟暴露于任何散射镜片条件后，眼轴长度与对照镜片相比没有显著差异。
结果表明，在适应中周向散射后，局部视网膜对比度检测机制会向周边发出信号，使脉络膜变厚，但对高周向散射或全向散射没有影响，而在暴露于中全向散射后，仅在鼻侧出现中央增厚。这强调了周边视网膜和对比度降低水平在近视研究中的重要性。
郑远祥
