Department of Medicine, Adama General Hospital and Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia.
Department of Biomedical sciences, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 22;14(1):24910. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77183-2.
Microvascular complications, affecting small blood vessels, can lead to serious conditions such as kidney failure, painful nerve damage, and vision loss. Early detection and effective treatment of these issues are vital for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare expenses. Thus, this study aimed to assess diabetic microvascular complications among adults with type 2 diabetes in Adama, central Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 adult type 2 diabetes patients. A computer-generated simple random sampling method was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a structured data extraction checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 27 for processing and analysis. Binary logistic regression was employed to model the association between diabetic microvascular complications and explanatory variables. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the strength of association, and statistical significance was proclaimed at a p-value < 0.05. The prevalence of diabetic microvascular complications was 21.8% (95% CI: 17.8-25.6) with diabetic neuropathy being the most common (16.8%), followed by diabetic retinopathy (4.2%), and diabetic nephropathy (2.9%). Poor glycemic control (AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.01-3.98), and a history of hypertension (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.39-4.00) were positively associated with the development of diabetic microvascular complications. Conversely, being aged 41-60 years (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.68) was negatively associated with the development of these complications. About one in five patients developed at least one diabetic microvascular complication. Age, poor glycemic control, and a history of hypertension were associated with the development of these complications. Therefore, intervening to improve glycemic control and manage hypertension is crucial in preventing the onset of diabetic microvascular complications.
微血管并发症会影响到小血管，可能导致严重的情况，如肾衰竭、疼痛性神经损伤和视力丧失。早期发现和有效治疗这些问题对于改善患者预后和降低医疗费用至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚阿达玛的成年 2 型糖尿病患者的糖尿病微血管并发症。这是一项在 381 名成年 2 型糖尿病患者中进行的基于机构的横断面研究。采用计算机生成的简单随机抽样方法选择研究参与者。使用结构化数据提取清单收集数据。收集的数据输入 Epi info 版本 7.2 并导出到 SPSS 版本 27 进行处理和分析。采用二元逻辑回归模型来模拟糖尿病微血管并发症与解释变量之间的关联。使用调整后的优势比 (AOR) 和 95%置信区间 (CI) 来估计关联的强度，并以 p 值 < 0.05 表示统计学意义。糖尿病微血管并发症的患病率为 21.8%（95%CI：17.8-25.6），其中最常见的是糖尿病神经病变（16.8%），其次是糖尿病视网膜病变（4.2%）和糖尿病肾病（2.9%）。血糖控制不佳（AOR=2.00，95%CI：1.01-3.98）和高血压病史（AOR=2.36，95%CI：1.39-4.00）与糖尿病微血管并发症的发生呈正相关。相反，年龄在 41-60 岁之间（AOR=0.35，95%CI：0.18-0.68）与这些并发症的发生呈负相关。大约五分之一的患者至少发生了一种糖尿病微血管并发症。年龄、血糖控制不佳和高血压病史与这些并发症的发生有关。因此，干预以改善血糖控制和管理高血压对于预防糖尿病微血管并发症的发生至关重要。
