Negussie Yohannes Mekuria, Abebe Abel Tezera
Department of Medicine, Adama General Hospital and Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 16;15(1):13150. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97909-0.
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are highly prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, and their coexistence presents a growing public health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings like Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess hypertension and its associated factors in patients with diabetes mellitus attending a follow-up clinic in central Ethiopia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected through a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and patient record reviews. A binary logistic regression model was employed to examine the association between hypertension and the explanatory variables. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of associations, and statistical significance was determined at a p-value of < 0.05. A total of 379 patients with diabetes mellitus participated in the study. The prevalence of hypertension was 34.6% (95% CI: 29.8-39.4). Being aged 41-60 years (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.23-4.15), having type 2 diabetes (AOR = 3.83, 95% CI: 1.07-13.65), the presence of comorbidities (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.59-4.67), and poor medication adherence (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.12-3.77) were statistically significant factors associated with hypertension among diabetes mellitus patients. More than one-third of patients with diabetes mellitus had hypertension. Older age, type 2 diabetes, the presence of comorbidities, and poor medication adherence were factors associated with hypertension. Regular blood pressure checks, especially for older patients, managing comorbidities, and improving medication adherence through education and simpler regimens are recommended.
高血压和糖尿病是全球高度流行的慢性病，它们的共存给公共卫生带来了日益严峻的挑战，尤其是在像埃塞俄比亚这样资源匮乏的地区。因此，本研究旨在评估在埃塞俄比亚中部一家随访诊所就诊的糖尿病患者中高血压及其相关因素。开展了一项基于医疗机构的横断面研究。研究参与者采用系统随机抽样方法选取。通过结构化的、由访谈员实施的问卷和患者病历回顾收集数据。采用二元逻辑回归模型检验高血压与解释变量之间的关联。计算调整后的比值比（AOR）及95%置信区间（CI）以估计关联强度，p值<0.05时确定具有统计学意义。共有379名糖尿病患者参与了本研究。高血压患病率为34.6%（95%CI：29.8 - 39.4）。年龄在41 - 60岁（AOR = 2.26，95%CI：1.23 - 4.15）、患有2型糖尿病（AOR = 3.83，95%CI：1.07 - 13.65）、存在合并症（AOR = 2.72，95%CI：1.59 - 4.67）以及药物依从性差（AOR = 2.06，95%CI：1.12 - 3.77）是糖尿病患者中与高血压相关的具有统计学意义的因素。超过三分之一的糖尿病患者患有高血压。年龄较大、2型糖尿病、存在合并症以及药物依从性差是与高血压相关的因素。建议定期进行血压检查，尤其是对老年患者，控制合并症，并通过教育和更简单的治疗方案提高药物依从性。
