Takahashi Kanae, Yamamoto Kouji, Shintani Ayumi
Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
J Appl Stat. 2024 Apr 4;51(14):2961-2979. doi: 10.1080/02664763.2024.2335564. eCollection 2024.
Positive and negative predictive values are useful to quantify the performance of medical tests, and both are often used simultaneously. Although there are several methods to test the equality of these predictive values between two medical tests, these approaches separately compare positive and negative predictive values. Therefore, we propose a testing procedure that combines the approximate likelihood ratio test defined by Tang with the non-inferiority test for predictive values. The procedure can confirm that compared to an existing test, a new medical test is non-inferior in terms of both positive and negative predictive values, as well as superior regarding at least one of these values. It can make a comprehensive judgment of the performance of the new test based on both measures. A simulation study showed that the performance of the proposed testing procedure is appropriate, and the procedure is considered useful for evaluating the performance of predictive values of medical tests.
阳性预测值和阴性预测值对于量化医学检验的性能很有用，并且两者经常同时使用。虽然有几种方法可用于检验两种医学检验之间这些预测值的相等性，但这些方法分别比较阳性预测值和阴性预测值。因此，我们提出了一种检验程序，该程序将Tang定义的近似似然比检验与预测值的非劣效性检验相结合。该程序可以确认，与现有检验相比，一种新的医学检验在阳性预测值和阴性预测值方面均非劣效，并且在这些值中的至少一个方面更优。它可以基于这两种度量对新检验的性能做出全面判断。一项模拟研究表明，所提出的检验程序的性能是合适的，并且该程序被认为对于评估医学检验预测值的性能很有用。
