Silva Alanna Gomes da, Gomes Crizian Saar, Ferreira Alan Cristian Marinho, Malta Deborah Carvalho
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Nursing School, Graduate Program in Nursing - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Medical School, Graduate Program in Public Health - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2023 Apr 21;26Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e230008. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720230008.supl.1. eCollection 2023.
To analyze the demand and use of health services by Brazilian adolescents, according to sociodemographic characteristics.
Cross-sectional study with data from the 2019 National School Health Survey, that assessed 124,898 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. The crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (RPaj) by sex, age, and school administrative status and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for the variables "search for a service or health professional", "search for a Basic Health Unit" and "assistance at the Basic Health Unit", using Poisson regression with robust variance.
The demand for a health service was reported by 56.56% (95%CI 55.82-57.29) of the adolescents and was lower among male students (RPaj: 0.95; 95%CI 0.94-0.95); those with black skin color (RPaj: 0.95; 95%CI 0.94-0.97), brown skin color (RPaj: 0.97; 95%CI 0.96-0.98), yellow skin color and indigenous ethnicity (RPaj: 0.95; 95%CI 0.94-0.97); public school students (RPaj: 0.90; 95%CI 0.89-0.90); and rural residents (RPaj: 0.96; 95%CI 0.94-0.98). A Basic Health Unit was the service sought by 74.08% (95%CI 73.21-74.94) of adolescents, more frequently among students of brown skin color (RPaj: 1.06; 95%CI 1.03-1.08), from public schools (RPaj: 1.32; 95%CI 1.29-1.35) and residing in rural areas (RPaj: 1.05; 95%CI 1,01-1,09). The main reason for seeking the Basic Health Unit was vaccination (27,93%; 95%CI 27,07-28,81).
More than half of the adolescents searched for a health service, which means that this group has a high demand. However, health inequalities still persist and point to the importance of health care planning, reception conditions, and the quality of care provided.
根据社会人口学特征分析巴西青少年对卫生服务的需求及利用情况。
采用横断面研究，数据来自2019年全国学校健康调查，该调查评估了124898名13至17岁的青少年。使用稳健方差的泊松回归，计算了“寻求服务或卫生专业人员”“寻求基本卫生单位”和“在基本卫生单位接受服务”这几个变量按性别、年龄和学校行政地位划分的粗患病率和调整患病率比（RPaj）及其95%置信区间（95%CI）。
56.56%（95%CI 55.82 - 57.29）的青少年报告有卫生服务需求，男生的需求较低（RPaj：0.95；95%CI 0.94 - 0.95）；皮肤为黑色（RPaj：0.95；95%CI 0.94 - 0.97）、棕色（RPaj：0.97；95%CI 0.96 - 0.98）、黄色以及原住民（RPaj：0.95；95%CI 0.94 - 0.97）的青少年需求较低；公立学校学生（RPaj：0.90；95%CI 0.89 - 0.90）和农村居民（RPaj：0.96；95%CI 0.94 - 0.98）的需求较低。74.08%（95%CI 73.21 - 74.94）的青少年寻求基本卫生单位的服务，棕色皮肤的学生（RPaj：1.06；95%CI 1.03 - 1.08）、公立学校学生（RPaj：1.32；95%CI 1.29 - 1.35）和农村居民（RPaj：1.05；95%CI 1.01 - 1.09）寻求该服务的频率更高。寻求基本卫生单位服务的主要原因是接种疫苗（27.93%；95%CI 27.07 - 28.81）。
超过一半的青少年寻求卫生服务，这意味着该群体有较高需求。然而，卫生不平等现象仍然存在，这表明卫生保健规划、接待条件和所提供护理质量的重要性。
