Malta Deborah Carvalho, Stopa Sheila Rizzato, Santos Maria Aline Siqueira, Andrade Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo, Oliveira Max Moura de, Prado Rogério Ruscitto do, Silva Marta Maria Alves da
Escola de Enfermagem. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2017 Apr-Jun;20(2):247-259. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201700020006.
: The race/skin color is an important predictor of health status of the population, as well as a marker of social inequalities.
: The aim of this paper was to describe the prevalence of the main risks and the protective factors for chronic diseases in schoolchildren, according to race/skin color differences.
: Data from the National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey (2012) were used. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in public and private schools. Prevalences were calculated according to the distribution by race/skin color. Prevalence ratios adjusted for age and maternal schooling were analyzed.
: White adolescents were younger, studied more frequently in private schools and had mothers with higher levels of education in comparison to the other students. Consumption of beans and fruits was higher among black, brown, and indigenous participants. Physical activity was more frequent among indigenous people. Experimentation with alcohol was higher among white adolescents. Indigenous students reported greater physical violence. Asian and black adolescents reported experiencing greater bullying.
: Minimizing racial and ethnic disparities in health is necessary to disease prevention and health promotion among adolescents.
种族/肤色是人口健康状况的重要预测指标，也是社会不平等的一个标志。
本文旨在根据种族/肤色差异描述学童慢性病主要风险因素和保护因素的流行情况。
使用了全国青少年学校健康调查（2012年）的数据。这是一项在公立和私立学校开展的横断面研究。根据种族/肤色分布计算患病率。分析了经年龄和母亲受教育程度调整后的患病率比值。
与其他学生相比，白人青少年年龄更小，在私立学校就读的频率更高，其母亲的教育水平也更高。黑人、棕色人种和原住民参与者豆类和水果的消费量更高。原住民的体育活动更频繁。白人青少年尝试饮酒的情况更多。原住民学生报告遭受的身体暴力更多。亚洲和黑人青少年报告遭受的欺凌更多。
减少健康方面的种族和族裔差异对于青少年疾病预防和健康促进至关重要。
