Ba Ousmane, Sy Ousmane, Mbareck Abbah Mohamed, Mohamed Issa Sidya, Fofana Mamadou, Sidi Baba Wafi
Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology (FMPOS), University of Nouakchott.
National Institute for Public Health Research (INRSP) of Nouakchott. Mauritania.
Tunis Med. 2024 Oct 5;102(10):671-676. doi: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i10.5044.
Intestinal parasitoses are very common in school and in Mauritania few external studies address the issue. Several risk factors are known for intestinal parasitosis, including fecal danger, promiscuity and contaminated food Objective: To describe the epidemiology of intestinal parasitosis in school-age children in the Moughatâa (department) of Riyadh in Nouakchott (Mauritania) and the associated risk factors.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study lasting three months, at the level of a random sample of pupils enrolled in five primary schools in the Moughatâa of Riyadh, as well as the foods sold in front of the establishments included. The data was collected through an anamnestic and clinical observation grid, as well as stool and food samples exposed in front of the schools included. The parasitological examination of the stools was carried out at the National Institute of Public Health Research (INRSP) in Nouakchott, by the methods of modified Ritchie and Kato-Katz. For food, a microbiological analysis looking for fecal colibacilli is carried out.
The study population was composed of 337 students with a sex ratio of 0.76. The prevalence of parasitosis in the study population was 46% (95% CI [40.75%-51.33%]): Boys (48.6%), 95% CI [40.66%-56.67%]); Girls (43.9%), 95% CI [37.13%-51.07%]. The spectrum of these parasitic intestinal diseases was dominated by protozoa (51.6%) and helminthiasis represented 10.4% and characterized by mono parasitism (31.8%). The food sold in front of the schools studied was contaminated with coli bacteria, in 54.5% of cases.
The high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in the primary schools studied and the contamination of food sold to students, require the strengthening of the strategy to fight against diseases of fecal peril and school and public hygiene, in the Moughatâa of Riyadh (Nouakchott).
肠道寄生虫病在学校中非常常见，而在毛里塔尼亚，很少有外部研究涉及这一问题。已知肠道寄生虫病有多种风险因素，包括粪便污染、滥交和食物污染。目的：描述努瓦克肖特（毛里塔尼亚）利雅得穆加塔阿（行政区）学龄儿童肠道寄生虫病的流行病学情况及相关风险因素。
这是一项为期三个月的描述性横断面研究，研究对象为从利雅得穆加塔阿的五所小学随机抽取的学生样本，以及这些学校门前售卖的食物。数据通过病史和临床观察表格收集，同时还收集了所涉学校门前的粪便和食物样本。粪便的寄生虫学检查在努瓦克肖特的国家公共卫生研究所（INRSP）采用改良的里氏法和加藤-厚涂片法进行。对于食物，进行了寻找粪大肠菌的微生物分析。
研究人群由337名学生组成，性别比为0.76。研究人群中寄生虫病的患病率为46%（95%置信区间[40.75%-51.33%]）：男孩为48.6%，95%置信区间[40.66%-56.67%]；女孩为43.9%，95%置信区间[37.13%-51.07%]。这些肠道寄生虫病的种类以原生动物为主（51.6%），蠕虫病占10.4%，以单寄生为主（31.8%）。在所研究学校门前售卖的食物中，54.5%的样本被大肠杆菌污染。
在所研究的小学中肠道寄生虫病的高患病率以及卖给学生的食物受到污染，这就要求在利雅得（努瓦克肖特）的穆加塔阿加强防治粪便污染疾病以及学校和公共卫生的策略。
