Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
Curr Obes Rep. 2024 Dec;13(4):743-754. doi: 10.1007/s13679-024-00591-y. Epub 2024 Oct 23.
This review aims to provide a summary of the current knowledge on measurement tools and most recent evidence for prenatal and postnatal modulators of energy balance in young infants.
The prevention of pediatric obesity depends upon curating the perfect imbalance of energy intake to energy expenditure, taking into consideration the energy needs for healthy growth. We summarize the recent evidence for the programming of fetal and infant metabolism influenced by maternal preconception health, prenatal metabolic milieu, and physical activity behaviors. In the early postnatal environment, caregiver feeding behaviors shape the extent of energy imbalance through dictating quantity and modality of infant energy intake. There are biological and behavioral contributors to improper infant energy imbalance. Furthermore, caregiver and clinician education on overfeeding and clinical tools to prescribe and monitor infant overgrowth are absent. Ultimately, the lack of high-quality and modern research of infant energy expenditure underpins the lack of advancement in clinical guidelines and the needed prevention of pediatric obesity.
目的综述： 本综述旨在总结目前关于年轻婴儿能量平衡产前和产后调节剂的测量工具和最新证据。
最新发现： 预防儿童肥胖症取决于控制能量摄入与能量消耗之间的完美失衡，同时考虑到健康生长所需的能量。我们总结了最近的证据，证明胎儿和婴儿代谢受母亲孕前健康、产前代谢环境和体力活动行为的影响。在新生儿早期环境中，照顾者的喂养行为通过决定婴儿能量摄入的数量和方式来塑造能量失衡的程度。婴儿能量失衡存在生物学和行为学方面的原因。此外，对于过度喂养，照顾者和临床医生的教育以及临床工具来规定和监测婴儿过度生长都缺乏。最终，缺乏高质量和现代的婴儿能量消耗研究是临床指南缺乏进展以及预防儿童肥胖症的必要条件。
