Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit, E.N.S Rabat ,Energy Research Centre, Mohammed V University, B.P. 5118, Takaddoum Rabat, Morocco.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 23;14(1):25059. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76615-3.
Most of published research on magnetic hyperthermia focused on iron oxides, ferrites, and binary alloy nanostructures, while the ternary alloys attracted much limited interest. Herein, we prepared NiCuCo ternary alloy nanocomposites with variable compositions by mechanical alloying. Physical properties were fully characterized by XRD, Rietveld analysis, XPS, SEM/EDX, TEM, ZFC/FC and H-M loops. DFT calculations were used to confirm the experimental results in terms of structure and magnetism. The results showed that the fabricated nanoalloys are face centered cubic (FCC) with average core sizes of 9-40 nm and behave as superparamagnetic with saturation in the range 4.67-42.63 emu/g. Langevin fitting corroborated the superparamagnetic behavior, while law of approach to saturation (LAS) was used to calculate the magnetic anisotropy constants. Heating effciencies were performed under an alternating magnetic field (AMF, H = 170 Oe and f = 332.5 kHz), and specific absorption rate (SAR) values were determined. The highest magnetic saturation (M), heating potentials, and SAR values were attained for NiCuCo containing the lowest Cu but highest Ni and Co percentages, and the least for NiCuCo. Importantly, the nanoalloys reached the required temperatures for magnetic hyperthermia (42 °C) in relatively short times. We also showed that heat dissipiation can be simply tuned by changing many parameters such as concentration, field amplitude, and frequency. Finally, cytotoxicity viability assays against two different breast cancer cell lines treated with NiCuCo nanoalloy in the presence and absence of AMF were investigated. No significant decrease in cancer cell viability was observed in the absence of AMF. When tested against tumorigenic KAIMRC2 breast cancer cells under AMF, the NiCuCo nanoalloy was found to be highly potent to the cells (~ 2-fold enhancement), killing almost all the cells in short times (20 min) and clinically-safe AC magnetic fields. These findings strongly suggest that the as-prepared ternary NiCuCo nanoalloys hold great promise for potential magnetically-triggered cancer hyperthermia.
大多数关于磁热疗的已发表研究都集中在氧化铁、铁氧体和二元合金纳米结构上，而三元合金则引起了有限的关注。在这里，我们通过机械合金化制备了具有可变成分的 NiCuCo 三元合金纳米复合材料。通过 XRD、Rietveld 分析、XPS、SEM/EDX、TEM、ZFC/FC 和 H-M 循环对物理性能进行了充分表征。DFT 计算用于从结构和磁性方面证实实验结果。结果表明，所制备的纳米合金为面心立方 (FCC)，平均核心尺寸为 9-40nm，表现为超顺磁性，饱和磁化强度在 4.67-42.63 emu/g 范围内。朗之万拟合证实了超顺磁性行为，而接近饱和定律 (LAS) 用于计算磁各向异性常数。在交变磁场 (AMF，H=170 Oe，f=332.5 kHz) 下进行加热效率，确定比吸收率 (SAR) 值。在含有最低 Cu 但最高 Ni 和 Co 百分比的 NiCuCo 中，获得了最高的磁饱和 (M)、加热潜力和 SAR 值，而在 NiCuCo 中获得了最低的磁饱和 (M)、加热潜力和 SAR 值。重要的是，纳米合金在相对较短的时间内达到了磁热疗所需的温度 (42°C)。我们还表明，可以通过改变浓度、场强和频率等许多参数来简单地调节热量耗散。最后，研究了在存在和不存在 AMF 的情况下，用 NiCuCo 纳米合金处理两种不同乳腺癌细胞系的细胞毒性和存活率。在不存在 AMF 的情况下，癌细胞活力没有明显下降。当在 AMF 下对致瘤性 KAIMRC2 乳腺癌细胞进行测试时，发现 NiCuCo 纳米合金对细胞具有很高的效力 (~2 倍增强)，在短时间内(20 分钟)杀死几乎所有细胞，并且使用临床安全的交流磁场。这些发现强烈表明，所制备的三元 NiCuCo 纳米合金在潜在的磁性触发癌症热疗方面具有很大的应用前景。
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