Streptomyces yaizuensis sp. nov., a berninamycin C-producing actinomycete isolated from sponge.

While screening for antibiotics in a marine sample, we discovered a berninamycin C-producing actinomycete, designated YSPA8, isolated from a sponge. A polyphasic approach was used to determine the taxonomic position of the strain. Strain YSPA8 formed sympodially branched aerial mycelia that ultimately segment into chains of spores. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain YSPA8 were closely related to Streptomyces clavuligerus ATCC 27064 (99.66%), Streptomyces amakusaensis NRRL B-3351 (98.69%), Streptomyces inusitatus NBRC 13601 (98.48%), and 'Streptomyces jumonjinensis' JCM 4947 (98.41%). The phylogenetic tree using the 16S rRNA gene sequences, and both phylogenomic trees suggested that the closest relative of strain YSPA8 was S. clavuligerus ATCC 27064. The average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average amino acid identity values between strain YSPA8 and S. clavuligerus ATCC 27064 were 84.1%, 28.9%, and 82.5%, respectively, which were below the thresholds of 95%, 70%, and 95% for a prokaryotic conspecific assignment. The G + C of the strain YSPA8 was 72.6%. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain YSPA8 contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H) (49%) and MK-9(H) (48%), and the major fatty acids were C (26.8%), C ω7c/ω6c (17.2%), iso-C (16.0%), and iso-C (12.5%). The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and other unidentified phospholipids. Based on the phenotypic, phylogenetic, genomic, and chemotaxonomic data, strain YSPA8 represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, and the proposed name for this species is Streptomyces yaizuensis sp. nov. The type strain is YSPA8 (=NBRC 115866 = TBRC 17196).