Zhang Y T, Jiang S F, Lang N, Zhou J, Zhang H S
Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Oct 10;45(10):1376-1382. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240507-00240.
To analyze the acute poison epidemic and provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies for acute poisoning. A retrospective analysis was conducted on acute poisoning cases collected from 2016 to 2022 in a health emergency information platform for acute poisoning accidents. The cases were grouped according to the distribution of poisoning occurrence time, geographic distribution, demographic distribution, types of toxicants, poisoning causes, and outcomes. Data were organized and analyzed using Excel 2016 and R 4.2.3. A total of 95 754 acute poisoning cases were included in this study. The primary toxicants were pesticides, drugs, and industrial/household chemicals, accounting for 30.4%, 22.4%, and 20.4% of the total cases, respectively. Acute poisoning occurred throughout the year, with the highest frequency from June to August, accounting for 31.9%. The seasonal distribution varied among different types of toxicants. Except for plant poisoning, which showed a bimodal distribution, the other poisonings showed an unimodal distribution. There was a strong seasonality in fungal poisoning, which peaked in July. There was an obvious seasonality in animal poisoning, with a peak in August. The proportion of biological poisonings in the southwest region was higher than in other regions, including plants, animals, and fungi. There were more females than males, and their education level was mainly junior high school and below (35.2%). The main occupation was farmers (34.2%), and the main causes of poisoning were accidents and suicides. The case fatality rate of all poisoning cases was 1.24%. Pesticide poisoning was the most common type, and chlorfenapyr (11.68%), Diquat (7.23%), and paraquat (7.05%) ranked as the top three toxicants. The occurrence of acute poisoning has an obvious seasonal trend, and the toxicant spectrum of different regions and populations is different. A comprehensive poisoning surveillance system can provide a better understanding of the occurrence of poisonings, and facilitate the formulation of more scientifically precise poisoning prevention and control strategies.
分析急性中毒疫情，为制定急性中毒预防控制策略提供依据。对某急性中毒事故卫生应急信息平台2016年至2022年收集的急性中毒病例进行回顾性分析。根据中毒发生时间分布、地理分布、人口学分布、毒物类型、中毒原因及转归对病例进行分组。使用Excel 2016和R 4.2.3对数据进行整理和分析。本研究共纳入95754例急性中毒病例。主要毒物为农药、药物和工业/家用化学品，分别占总病例数的30.4%、22.4%和20.4%。急性中毒全年均有发生，6至8月发生率最高，占31.9%。不同类型毒物的季节分布有所不同。除植物中毒呈双峰分布外，其他中毒均呈单峰分布。真菌中毒季节性较强，7月达到高峰。动物中毒有明显季节性，8月达到高峰。西南地区生物中毒（包括植物、动物和真菌）的比例高于其他地区。女性多于男性，文化程度主要为初中及以下（35.2%）。主要职业为农民（34.2%），中毒主要原因是意外和自杀。所有中毒病例的病死率为1.24%。农药中毒是最常见类型，氯虫苯甲酰胺（11.68%）、敌草快（7.23%）和百草枯（7.05%）位列毒物前三位。急性中毒的发生具有明显的季节性趋势，不同地区和人群的毒物谱不同。综合中毒监测系统有助于更好地了解中毒发生情况，便于制定更科学精准的中毒预防控制策略。
