Standeven Lindsay R, Bajaj Mira, McEvoy Kathleen, Shirinian Dalar, Voegtline Kristin, Osborne Lauren M, Payne Jennifer L, Hantsoo Liisa
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 9;15:1443352. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1443352. eCollection 2024.
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), collectively known as Premenstrual Disorders (PMDs), cause significant distress and functional impairment, and premenstrual exacerbation (PME) affects a large proportion of women with psychiatric diagnoses. Childhood trauma is one factor that may contribute to PMD/PME risk. This study examines the relationship between childhood trauma and PMDs, PME, and non-PMD psychiatric illness.
This study is a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort. Participants completed self-assessments on childhood trauma using the Childhood Traumatic Event Scale (CTE-S) and on premenstrual symptoms using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed through structured clinical interviews. Participants were divided into four groups based on their PSST scores and psychiatric illness status: (1) Premenstrual Disorders (PMDs; moderate to severe PMS and PMDD), (2) PME, (3) psychiatric controls (PC; individuals with psychiatric illness but no significant premenstrual symptoms), and (4) healthy controls (HC; individuals with no psychiatric illness and no significant premenstrual symptoms). Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, Tukey's HSD test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression, were conducted to examine differences among the groups.
Data from 391 participants were analyzed. Participants with PME and PC reported a higher quantity and severity of childhood traumatic events compared to HCs (p <.05). There was a weak but significant correlation between childhood trauma and premenstrual symptom burden across all groups (R = .18, p <.001). Within-group analysis revealed moderate correlations between childhood trauma and premenstrual symptoms driven by the PMD group (R = .42, p = .01).
The findings underscore the impact of childhood traumatic events on mental health and premenstrual symptoms and highlight the need for additional research to explore the underlying mechanisms linking childhood trauma to the continuum of premenstrual disorders, to improve the efficacy of trauma-focused interventions for affected individuals.
经前综合征（PMS）和经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）统称为经前疾病（PMD），会导致严重的痛苦和功能损害，且经前病情加重（PME）影响很大一部分患有精神疾病诊断的女性。童年创伤是可能导致PMD/PME风险的一个因素。本研究考察童年创伤与PMD、PME以及非PMD精神疾病之间的关系。
本研究是对一项前瞻性队列研究数据的二次分析。参与者使用童年创伤事件量表（CTE-S）完成关于童年创伤的自我评估，并使用经前症状筛查工具（PSST）完成关于经前症状的自我评估。通过结构化临床访谈评估精神疾病诊断。参与者根据其PSST分数和精神疾病状况分为四组：（1）经前疾病（PMD；中度至重度PMS和PMDD），（2）PME，（3）精神疾病对照（PC；患有精神疾病但无明显经前症状的个体），以及（4）健康对照（HC；无精神疾病且无明显经前症状的个体）。进行了包括方差分析、图基（Tukey）的HSD检验、费舍尔（Fisher）精确检验和逻辑回归在内的统计分析，以检验各组之间的差异。
对391名参与者的数据进行了分析。与健康对照相比，患有PME和精神疾病对照的参与者报告的童年创伤事件数量和严重程度更高（p<.05）。在所有组中，童年创伤与经前症状负担之间存在微弱但显著的相关性（R=.18，p<.001）。组内分析显示，由PMD组驱动，童年创伤与经前症状之间存在中度相关性（R=.42，p=.01）。
研究结果强调了童年创伤事件对心理健康和经前症状的影响，并突出了需要进行更多研究以探索将童年创伤与经前疾病连续体联系起来的潜在机制，从而提高针对受影响个体的以创伤为重点的干预措施的疗效。
